Save The Internet :: essays research papers fc

     Did you go to sleep that 83.5%of the images available on the meshing were pornographic (Kershaw)? Did youknow that lampblack on the Internet is readily available to curious littlechildren who happen to bump into them?     Today, the Internet which has onlybecome popular several days ago, is unequivocally one of the most revolutionaryinnovations in the computer world. The information superhighway has changedpeoples lives dramatically and have created many new exciting opportunitiesas strong as markets to be exploited. But, unfortunately, the Internet also hascreated a haven for the depravity of pornography and hate literature. Therefore,this has called for immediate action and the only solution up to now is censorship.The Internet must be censored to the utmost.Many people complain that censorshipis the violation of the first amendment and the suppression of freedom of speechbut on that point is a point where freedom of speech become s corrupt freedom of speechonly creates an excuse for the vile pornographers to poison our nation letalone our children.      smut fungus is regarded as immoral and downright filthyby the people. It denies human dignity and of tenner stimulates the user to violentacts (Beahm 295). Therefore, pornography and violence argon correlated. It trivializesthe human cup of tea and converts it into commercialized slime (Beahm 295). Moreover,the consumption of pornography can lead to a detrimental addiction and theconsumer can become a slave to it (Beahm 297). In short, pornography is a veryaddictive drug which has an equal or more potency to hard-core drugs likeheroin and cocaine. Can you imagine a ten year-old innocently surfing the Internetand suddenly bumps into a pornographic site depicting explicit images of nakedwomen and becoming addicted to it? The damage is long-term and when the snipcomes, we will have a nation of perverts. Galbraith says, "The U.S. constit utiondoes not forbid the protection of children from a pornographers freedom ofspeech. That must be inferred through the First Amendment." These are our childrenand we havethe right to protect them. The fact that pornography is damagingmentally is further aggravated as the availability of pornography to all Internetusers is a major problem as well.     The ridiculously easy accessibility toall types pornography by anyone who logs into the Internet has raised a majorconcern from both(prenominal) the government and the public. The Internet, being the biggestinteractive library ever existed, has no owner, President, chief operatingofficer or pope (Montoya). "Inevitably, being an uncontrolled system, meansthat the Internet will be subjected to subversive applications of some unscrupuloususers." (Kershaw) Internet users can publish pornography and hate literature

Essay on Convergence in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man :: Portrait Artist Young Man

Convergence in A Portrait of the artist as a issue firearm As far as portraits go, James Joyces A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is pretty dynamic. Stephen is constantly in motion, hurtling through life. He sees, smells, and touches everything around him. But Id like to focus on one of the quieter numbers - a min of convergence. The archives encloses Stephen in a cloud of his experience past, present, and future as he stands in a Dublin courtyard He began to beat the frayed end of his ashplant against the subject of the pillar. Had Cranly not heard him? soon enough he could wait. The talk about him ceased for a irregular and a soft hiss fell again from a windowpane above. But no former(a) sound was in the air and the swallows whose flight had followed with idle eyes were sleeping. 1 Stephens impatience melts as his quiet thoughts replace whatever he was about to say to Cranly. He closes his senses off to his companions, to the roosting sounds of the birds in the c ourtyard and the jangle of the streets. He hears only a soft hiss. This is the point of intersection for Stephen, and for the narrative itself. Stephen remembers a quiet moment of prayer in a wood near Malahide - the past. He thinks of Emma walking through the streets of Dublin leaving a prepare of reverent silence. She is the now. Stephen beats an ashplant - a convenient prop for a poet - against a pillar and decides that he can wait. Darkness is falling - its almost tomorrow, almost the future. This moment of quiet convergence for Stephen is a point of intersection for the reader past, present, and future meet in a dusky Dublin courtyard. Joyce incorporates several layers of his avow worldly concern into the scene - draws on his own Epiphanies and gives Stephen a prop to carry into Ulysses. In chapter five of the novel, Joyce sets up this meditative moment for Stephen, has him remember a quiet moment of prayer from his past . . . he had dismounted from a borrowed creaking bi cycle to pray to God in a wood near Malahide. He had lifted up his arms and spoken in ecstasy to the sombre nave of the trees, knowing that he stood on holy ground and in a holy hour.Essay on Convergence in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man Portrait Artist Young ManConvergence in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man As far as portraits go, James Joyces A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is pretty dynamic. Stephen is constantly in motion, hurtling through life. He sees, smells, and touches everything around him. But Id like to focus on one of the quieter moments - a moment of convergence. The narrative encloses Stephen in a cloud of his own past, present, and future as he stands in a Dublin courtyard He began to beat the frayed end of his ashplant against the base of the pillar. Had Cranly not heard him? Yet he could wait. The talk about him ceased for a moment and a soft hiss fell again from a window above. But no other sound was in the air and the swallows whose flight had followed with idle eyes were sleeping. 1 Stephens impatience melts as his quiet thoughts replace whatever he was about to say to Cranly. He closes his senses off to his companions, to the roosting sounds of the birds in the courtyard and the jangle of the streets. He hears only a soft hiss. This is the point of intersection for Stephen, and for the narrative itself. Stephen remembers a quiet moment of prayer in a wood near Malahide - the past. He thinks of Emma walking through the streets of Dublin leaving a trail of reverent silence. She is the now. Stephen beats an ashplant - a convenient prop for a poet - against a pillar and decides that he can wait. Darkness is falling - its almost tomorrow, almost the future. This moment of quiet convergence for Stephen is a point of intersection for the reader past, present, and future meet in a dusky Dublin courtyard. Joyce incorporates several layers of his own creation into the scene - draws on his own Epiphanies and gives Ste phen a prop to carry into Ulysses. In chapter five of the novel, Joyce sets up this meditative moment for Stephen, has him remember a quiet moment of prayer from his past . . . he had dismounted from a borrowed creaking bicycle to pray to God in a wood near Malahide. He had lifted up his arms and spoken in ecstasy to the sombre nave of the trees, knowing that he stood on holy ground and in a holy hour.

A Clockwork Orange: Good Riddance To Bad Rubbish :: essays research papers

A Clockwork Orange Good Riddance to Bad Rubbish     A Clockwork Orange received critical acclaim, made more than thirty trillion dollars at the box office, and was nominated for various awards however,this esteemed film was outlawed from the nation of Great Britain in order tocurb its immoral con ten-spott from permeate society. Before all the controversybegan, A Clockwork Orange was a novel, written mostly in Russian, by AnthonyBurgess. Stanley Kubrick is known to critics as a film noble who probes thedark side of human psyche. Kubrick has also directed films such as Dr.Strangelove, The Shining, and Full Metal Jacket. In each of these movies theaudience delves into the evil side of the chief(prenominal) character. Great Britain had thisfilm removed from theaters across the country because the government justlyillustrated on that point was a connection between the movies graphic violence and anincreased detestation rate.     In Clockwork . . . , there are unquestionably violent and graphicactions. Multiple beatings, a rape, and a murder are performed by the leadcharacters. These crimes are drug induced. Before going out, the gang goes tothe "milk bar" for many "milk plus" which is riddled with amphetamines. Thefirst violent act came not more than ten minutes into the movie. It was whenthe boys, led by Alex, beat a helpless wino that asked them for some change. Thegang then strode away as if nothing occurred. They struck him repeatedly withcanes and they kicked him a few times to the job. Next, the boys went to see arival gang. This another(prenominal) group was in the middle of raping a woman when Alex andCompany came in and intervened. They proceeded to beat the other gang membersto a pulp. Then, they went to the house of a writer, to burglarize it. Whilethere, they brutalized the writer and his wife. Alex raped the wife in front ofthe writer and then started to sing "Singn in the Rain" a s he pummeled the oldman. Alexs final act of violence came at the house of a rich health spa owner.The gang went there with the intent of robbing the place, but the woman wholived there was alert to the scheme and called the police. She attacked Alexand he defended himself with a sculpture of male genitalia. The fight endedwhen Alex crammed the statue in the mouth of the victim, and killed her. Thesewere some of the more graphic scenes, which aided Britains decision to ban thefilm.     Incidents from this film triggered an onslaught of violent crimes across

The Cask of Amontillado Essays -- essays research papers

The Cask of Amontillado "I must not only punish, but punish with impunity. A wrong is unredressed when retribution overtakes its redresser. It is equally unredressed when the avenger fails to make himself mat as such to him who has done the wrong." With these ferverous words from the introductory paragraph of Edgar Allan Poes Cask of Amontillado, the story of Montresors revenge begins. Poe repeatedly stresses the need for revenge due to bitterness and bile in Montresors character towards Fortunato, but more importantly, stress is placed on revenge by which the victim realizes their injustice towards the redresser. Unfortunately, it seems that Montresor is denied this pure and encompassing revenge when his victim, Fortunato, during his stretch out few minutes with Montresor, believes that his actions are a huge charade, and not the actions of a man scorned and seeking revenge. Although in burying Fortunato alive, Montresor is able to physically come upon what he ultimatel y desired, he is left with an air of insatisfaction judging by his own definition of true and justified revenge. Poe shows the resentment Montresor feels towards Fortunato from the very first article of faith of the story with, "The thousand injuries of Fortunato I had borne as best I could but when he ventured upon insult, I vowed revenge." It is never specified what this injury was to Montresor, but it was so seemingly so heinous that Fortunato was not to be spared. Later in the story, M...

Dr. Stephen Hawking; Man Of Mystery :: essays research papers

Dr. Stephen vend has been considered to be more brilliant then Einstein. Dr. Hawking was born on January 8 1942 in Oxford, England on the 300th anniversary of Galileos death. Is this a coincidence? After his studies at St. Albans School, he attended University College, Oxford. He wanted to study math, only when because it was unavailable at Oxford, he concentrated on Physics and earned a degree in Natural scholarship three years later. Stephen went on to Cambridge to do research in Cosmology. After attaining his Ph.D., he became a Professorial Fellow at Gonville and Caius College. He left the demonstrate of Astronomy to become a professor at the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics at Cambridge. He has held the post of Lacasian Professor of Mathematics since 1979. In the early 1960s, Stephen Hawking was diagnosed with the dreadful disease Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (A.L.S.), an incurable degenerative neuromuscular disease, also known as Lou Gerhigs Disea se. He has been paralyzed unable to use every muscle in his body. The only muscles he has use of are those around his eyes. This explains why Hawking has become a theoretician rather than a hands-on scientist. He spends hour after hour in his wheelchair pondering complex ideas and formulating mind bobbling equations in his head. Dr. Hawkings work is primarily in the field of general relativity and in particular on the physics of drear holes. He uses his theory on the job of black holes to help explain the creation of the universe. In 1971 he suggested the formation (following the big bang), of numerous objects containing as much as 1,000,000,000 tons of mass but occupying only the space of a proton. These objects, called mini- black holes, are unique in that because of their immense mass and gravity, they are ruled by the laws if relativity, while their minute size of it requires that the laws of quantum mechanics apply to them also. In 1974, Hawking proposed that, in accordance with the predications of quantum theory, black holes emit subatomic particles until they exhaust all their energy and finally explode. Hawkings work spurred efforts to theoretically delineate the properties of black holes. It was previously thought that nothing could be learned about black holes. Now we know that each black hole starts out as a star about ten times the size of the sun. Over time, the star burns all its nuclear burn and explodes.

ITHotels in Europe :: Free Essay Writer

ITHotels in EuropeIntroductionThe future, what is that. What allow happen when the inhabitants of our globe start travelling and guide for connections to the world? Connections that will provide us with information about the world and the place we are visiting? What will happen when people ask for smash evacuation alarms in our hotels and what will the digital TV give us. With a digital TV, we mean a television that is intelligent, the only thing we need to do is program the television and the digital electronic chip will figure out the rest for us. We will feed the TV with the information we want and it will automatically display them on the TV screen in a way that will be the best to you. It is in the specification that a adept channel of digital television can have as many as 1,024 different programs, but they dont all have to be TV. It might be radio, computer signals or telephone signals. Can we in the hospitality industry offer all this? YES WE CAN. To remain competitive in business today, every governing needs to adopt new technology as it develops. As businesses become increasingly dependent on this new technology. Hotels called IT Hotels (information technology hotels) are under festering pressure to design and implement systems that provide greater business benefits. When a hotel adopts the new technology or Internet based-solutions, it has widespread implications throughout the organisation. The hotel might shoot a whole new set of skills to manage a completely new way of doing business. Whether the hotel implements an Extranet to integrate its supply chain or an Intranet to manage the come down of internal information, the new technology will create both opportunities and challenges for every IT-Hotel. The story behind IT-Hotels is their need for connections to the world and the publics demand for access to the world wheresoever they are. A certain amount of confusion has arisen over the essence of an IT Hotel. Guests wonder what this mean s and in certain cases even ordinary hotels have called themselves IT-Hotels. The time when a well-furnished hotel room consisted only of a chair, a bed, a table and a lamp is over. For this reason the term IT-Hotels is here to give us a new meaning of what a well-furnished hotel room is. IT-Hotels will offer the hotel guests the means of using analogue connections, digital connection (ISDN) telephones and data communications, as well as network connections to the Intranet and Internet.

Home Recipe for Food Tech/Cooking Students †Fresh and Fried Spring Rolls Essay

Ingredients makes 16 large leap out rolls1 cup lightly sliced carrot1 cup shredded Chinese cabbage1 cup spring onions thinly sliced1 cup mushrooms diced1 1/2 cups thin rice noodles16 sheets of defrosted spring roll pastry ( for fried spring rolls) 16 sheets of rice paper (for fresh spring rolls)450g chicken mince (if making fried spring rolls)MethodFried Spring Rolls1.Boil enough water to submerge the noodles and place both the water and noodles in a bowl to break them up and give way them. Let them soak for about 2-3 minutes. Remove with a colander. 2. Chop up all vegetables finely and immingle together a long with the chicken and noodles in a large bowl. 3.Line up the spring roll pastry diagonally to you and put the mixture of veggies on the corner closest to you. 4.Roll the pastry up until you reach halfway.Fold in the corners and continue to roll. 5.Once you roll it until you have a little flap of pastry sticky out, wet it with a few drops of water to seal it to the rest of the roll. 6.Cook the spring rolls in the vegetable oil for 2-3 minutes until golden brown and crunchy. 7.Remove from oil and expire excess off via paper towel.8.Serve the fried spring rolls with sweet chilli sauce for dipping. Fresh Vegetable Spring Rolls1.Place the noodles in warm water to soften them like you did with the noodles in step 1 of the fried spring rolls. Remove with a colander. 2.Place the rice paper in warm water after removing the noodles. 3.Follow steps 2-5 of the fried spring rolls recipe with the exception on using no chicken and substituting the pastry for the softened rice paper. 4.Serve with soy sauce.

Dracula and Kenneth Essay

The high angle shot and extreme long shot feeling down at genus genus genus Dracula and Harker crossing through the hall. This shot draws attention to Draculas extremely long red cape streaming out behind him like a trail of blood. The low angle shot shows Dracula looming over Harker and makes him look powerful, like he is in control. Many two shots be used to stick out the sense of hearing to make comparisons between the two characters. The low angle shot is also used to emphasize the shadows movements. The low clean-cuting helps with roll Draculas shadow which is again typical of horror.Draculas eerie shadow moving in the gloom is very effective for scaring the audience as the combination of shadow with candle light works exceptionally well for this scene. This candle light makes the gloomy aspect much present as the fort is immense and there are not very many candles so most of the entrance hall focal point would be beyond the r distributively of the light and in darkness, which makes it very scary as you do not know what lurks in the gloom. There is orchestral music played by the strings which go low and slow to create a sinister atmosphere.This music adds to the feeling of tension, the feeling that something is going to happen. The music gets louder and quicker when Harker offends Dracula by laughing and Dracula gets furious and pulls out a sword. This combined with the change of pace and volume of the music makes the audience become afraid, a typical trick of horror. There are many different sound effects in this scene from Dracula. There is the howling of the savage wolves, which scares the audience and makes the element of horror and wildness of the setting more clear. There was the thunder, which is typical of a horror movie.The clanging of the huge, metal gates emphasizes the feeling of the strength and inescapability of the castle and that Harker will not be able to effluence and this will be his prison for the rest of his life. Harkers cost ume is typical of a man of those times. He wears a suit and is very neatly presented. He has his copper combed very carefully. Draculas is very different. He wears a huge red robe which trails out behind him like blood. His hair is curled up high and is white and it mixes with the skin on the back of his neck which makes him look weird and scary.His skin is white and wrinkled like an older man and this creates the effect that he has been drained of all his blood and that helps you to understand his lust for blood and the way he talks about the preciousness of blood. It makes him look very scary and effective, almost dead in a way. It also makes him look exotic and ab convening. He would stand out in a convocation of normal people. There were quite a few similarities between the film extract and the text both were set in a huge, Gothic castle with a vast courtyard. The stone was massively carved and the door was old and studded. Both had creeping shadows and lanterns.In both the f ilm extract and the text, Dracula is represent as having hairy palms (abnormal), profuse hair, an extraordinary pallor as he is very pale, he is portrayed as being an old man in both and he is also similarly portrayed as speaking with a strange intonation (foreign accent). The similarities between the film extract and the text with Harker is that in both they portray his feelings of anxiety and his crossing of the threshold is made significant. The differences are that in the text, Dracula is described as having bushy eyebrows and a moustache whereas in the film extract he has a plain face.In the text, Dracula is dressed in all black while in the film he is dressed in white which emphasizes his paleness with a red cape that is more powerfully visual as looking like blood rate of flow behind him. Also in the text Dracula is portrayed as having a red mouth with protuberant, pointed teeth while in the film he is shown as having a pale mouth and normal teeth. The director uses this lo ok in order to make Dracula look like a normal human, adding to the feeling of mystery surrounding him, and to make him different from the stereotypic image of Dracula. SummaryThese two films engage a modern audience in the way the films use clever tricks to give suspense, which can be overlooked in some of the newer horror films that rely on the amount of blood that comes out preferably than clever filming and jumpy moments. In short, Dracula and Frankenstein were very similar in the way that they portrayed the typical horror tricks and consisted of similar camera angles to each other point out various positions. I thought that Dracula, both the written extract and the film extract fitted the horror genre a bit better than Frankenstein as it was more believable for me.I also thought that the film extract was much more scary, although Frankenstein wasnt bad and had its moments of fright. My final views were that Dracula was on the whole filmed better than Frankenstein as it used t he different camera angles more effectively in my opinion. Andrew Baillie 10ALB Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Mary Shelley section.

Reynolds Construction Case Study Essay

1. Ben Lawsons Custom Fabricators, Inc., creates value for Orleans by making the habitude control panel for the elevators. Later on, the business has grown bouffantger. Bens company provides special brackets and panels for the plant. Since outsourcing, Ben also makes the entire control panel, complete with the buttons and the wiring harness.2. Ben Lawson has some Brobdingnagian competitive advantages in keeping the Orleans business. They have been working together for a eagle-eyed time so Bens company could easily examine what the customer need like delivering in time, great quality products. After few changes, Ben still provide good products for Orleans so that help Ben to piddle trust in doing business, which strengthens their relationship.3. In the past, Orleans priorities were only about quantity, doing the same business with familiar suppliers. Now Orleans has change that. They want to make wage, master cost associated with the elevators by cutting raw materials cost, an dthat would affect Bens business.4. Ben should change his business model so that it would have him gain advantages. Even though Ben has long relationship doing business with Orleans, it may not help much with Orleans new priorities.5. In the value chain, Bens company is an efficient manufacturer because they name a factory that has full of tools to bring out the best products. Besides, those products are always delivered in time since Ben understands Orleans business. 6. Bens company has to prove that they ordain always bring high quality products that in Orleans need. Compared to a loyal customer as Ben, it would be safer to doing business with, both relationship and forcible distance. Besides, Ben has to prove that hiring Mexican labor could help cutting cost but cannot compare with Bens company of experiences.Case Lasik Vision Corporation1. Lasik Visions competitive priority is to offer the lowest price of eye surgery and high volume at the same time. They also run advertiseme nt of big discounts to attract customer, which is $1,475 per eye and then $1,598 for both eyes.2. As showed in the case, Lasik Vision did attract lots of customers and helped them gain profit but only in short-run. Because they cut out the fees for expensive equipment, it may not good care enough for the patients. Besides, their high volume of surgery may gain big profit but also bring higher risk, which is unsatisfied patients filing lawsuit.3. If Lasik has chosen to be in this market, they have to guarantee their quality service to the customers. Also, they need to couch in some expensive equipment or train the employees. With that, they could grow their business in reliability of customers.

Allegory of the Cave V Pleasantville

The movie Pleasantville is very symbolic. It is a movie that could be interpreted a number of different ways. almost will agree, however, that the elemental point of the movie concerns the subject of compound. But we can also see the movie as a modern version of Platos metaphor of the Cave. From this point of view, Pleasantville interpret in black and white represents the cave, while color represents the world of enlightenment beyond the cave. Before David and Jennifer become Bud and Mary Sue, everything in Pleasantville is apparently perfect. Everyone lives their day-after-day lives without any problems.Pleasantville seems to be a place of perfect bliss. Everyone in the little town lives a life of safety, happiness, but also ignorance. outside(a) of Pleasantville, there is pain and unhappiness. At the beginning of the movie, David is the typical loser at school he is unhappy with his life. His sister, Jennifer, is a promiscuous teen. All of these scenes are in color. In Ple asantville, however, in the beginning the town is ruined, everything appears in black and white, and all the people are apparently content with their lives. For example, nothing here can catch fire, and the firefighters moreover have to legal transfer cats out of trees.The basketball team always wins and players on the team make every single shot. After David and Jennifer are introduced to the peaceful, harmonious town of Pleasantville, however, the flawless, isolated, but brutal community is turned upside down and ruined. When Bud tells Skip that his sister wouldnt want to go out with him, for example, Skip on the spur of the moment cant make a shot, and is thus unhappy for the first time. When Betty Parker learns about sex, a tree catches fire, and funnily the firemen do not know what to do, and just respond when they infer that there is a cat stuck in a tree. Towards the end of the movie, people start to riot.They destroy the burger place, and they burn piles of books. There is heart bedlam and disorder. The pilot film peaceful community is lost when the contagious disease of enlightenment, represented by color in this movie, is introduced. One could argue that this movie portrays change and enlightenment as a good thing, but there is also substantial evidence that this movie is showing change as a disconsolate thing. The laws of entropy cave in in this movie. Pleasantville exists in a delicate balance of perfect order, but when new things are introduced to throw off the balance, everything naturally turns to chaos and disorder.Allegory of the Cave V PleasantvilleThe movie Pleasantville is very symbolic. It is a movie that could be interpreted a number of different ways. Most will agree, however, that the basic point of the movie concerns the subject of change. But we can also see the movie as a modern version of Platos Allegory of the Cave. From this point of view, Pleasantville depicted in black and white represents the cave, while color represe nts the world of enlightenment beyond the cave. Before David and Jennifer become Bud and Mary Sue, everything in Pleasantville is apparently perfect. Everyone lives their day-to-day lives without any problems.Pleasantville seems to be a place of perfect bliss. Everyone in the little town lives a life of safety, happiness, but also ignorance. Outside of Pleasantville, there is disorder and unhappiness. At the beginning of the movie, David is the typical loser at school he is unhappy with his life. His sister, Jennifer, is a promiscuous teen. All of these scenes are in color. In Pleasantville, however, before the town is ruined, everything appears in black and white, and all the people are apparently content with their lives. For example, nothing here can catch fire, and the firefighters only have to rescue cats out of trees.The basketball team always wins and players on the team make every single shot. After David and Jennifer are introduced to the peaceful, harmonious town of Pleasa ntville, however, the flawless, isolated, but ignorant community is turned upside down and ruined. When Bud tells Skip that his sister wouldnt want to go out with him, for example, Skip suddenly cant make a shot, and is thus unhappy for the first time. When Betty Parker learns about sex, a tree catches fire, and funnily the firemen do not know what to do, and only respond when they think that there is a cat stuck in a tree. Towards the end of the movie, people start to riot.They destroy the burger place, and they burn piles of books. There is total chaos and disorder. The original peaceful community is lost when the contagious disease of enlightenment, represented by color in this movie, is introduced. One could argue that this movie portrays change and enlightenment as a good thing, but there is also substantial evidence that this movie is showing change as a bad thing. The laws of entropy apply in this movie. Pleasantville exists in a delicate balance of perfect order, but when ne w things are introduced to throw off the balance, everything naturally turns to chaos and disorder.

Milton Friedman

Milton Friedman, recipient of the 1976 Nobel Memorial Prize for economic science, was born on July 31, 1912 in Brooklyn, New York. He was the forth and last child of Sarah Ethel and Jeno Saul Friedman. Friedman was known as an American economist and as a public intellectual who made major contributions passim his lifetime to the fields that were related to macroeconomics, microeconomics, economic history as well as its statistics.Friedmans family was a typical working class family of Jewish immigrants from Austria-Hungary. They lived in the United States and his familys income was small and highly uncertain since it drastically varied from time to time. There was always a financial crisis at stake and reassign was a constant companion for them. However, there was always enough love, strugglemth, and food to feed the whole family.Along with his sister, he attended a public elementary and junior-grade school where he graduated from Rahway High School in 1928 before his 16th birthda y. Unfortunately his mother and two older sisters were in charge of documentation the family when Friedmans father passed away during his senior year in high school. Friedman knew very well that his future was up to himself and he had to put double the struggle to be able to finance everything himself.When he attended the Rutgers University, he was awarded with a competitive scholarship which helped him along the way allowing him to grate in 1932. Friedman personally states that he was, financing the rest of his college expenses by the usual mixture of waiting on tables, clerking in a retail store, occasional entrepreneurial ventures, and summer earnings.1 At first when the attended the university, he was specializing in mathematics with the sole purpose of becoming an actuary, but after failing several examinations, he started becoming to a greater extent(prenominal) interested and intrigued in economics and eventually, he ended up majoring in both fields.It was later on in 1946 when the Columbia University awarded him a Ph.D, allowing him to serve as a Professor of sparings at the University of Chicago one year later. He contributed in building a helpful intellectual community that produced a number of Nobel Prize winners that were later known as the Chicago School of Economics. Friedman as well as developed the Theory of the Consumption Function and along with the assistance of Simon Kuznets, they conjugated together to public Incomes from Independent Professional Practice. This book served as his doctoral dissertation at Colombia University, but they were not allowed to publish it 1940 and they had to wait after the war because the book created controversy since it introduced the concepts of permanent and transitory incomes.Like mentioned before, Friedman won the Nobel Prize in Economics for, his achievements in the fields of consumption analysis, monetary history and theory and for his introduction of the complexity analysis, monetary history and t heory and for his demonstration of the complexity of stabilization policy.2 He was married to Rose Director in 1938 and she was the co-author of more of his books. They also had two children named Janet and David. David is now a philosopher and an economist just like his father. Milton Friedman died on November 16, 2006, at the age of 94 in San Francisco, California because of a severe tone failure.Nowadays, he is known as one of two most influential economists of the 20th century. In 1962, he print another book titled capitalism and Freedom, where he demonstrated his support for minimizing the role of government in a dethaw market promoting political as well as social granting immunity. Friedman has explained how the free market works revealing and explaining to others that this system, as opposed to any other, has been able to solve both social and political problems that have been adequately addressed. His book was published worldwide reaching to the hands of people that li ved in a communist country.Friedmans strong passion for freedom and liberty has influenced a lot of people, more than what he could have even imagined. His writings along with his ideas and speeches have reached the ears and minds of many US presidents, leaders around the world, entrepreneurs, students, and citizens of many countries.He was a member of the Reagans Economic Policy Advisory Board and with his theory of monetarism he showed everyone his moral vision of life. He clarified to everyone that nation should be composed of free men and women, with freedom of choice, where the government is not necessarily authorized to override citizens decisions. Despite the fact that Friedman knew that his theories was attacked by many traditional economists, he still showed that he strongly upgrade a policy of steady and moderate growth in the money supply of the economy. He also opposed wage and price controls and criticized the FED for assay so hard to tune the economy.Throughout Milto n Friedmans lifetime, he was written many famous books and among some of them were Price Theory (1962), Capitalism and Freedom (1962), An Economists Protest (1972), There is No Such Thing as a Free Lunch (1975), and Free to Choose (1979). He also won many aware such as the John Bate Clark Medal in 1951, the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1976, the National Medal of Science in 1988, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom the same year. It can be seen that Friedman was an outspoken economist that influenced the lives of many others by defending and promoting his true beliefs in what and how a roaring economy should really look like.Work CitedMilton Friedman Autobiography. The Nobel Foundation 1976 2006.Milton Friedman, Nobel Prize-Winning Economist, Dies at 94. The New York Times. November 16, 2006.1 Milton Friedman Autobiography. The Nobel Foundation 1976. 2006

Cry the Beloved Country dialectical journal Essay

Kumalo climbed into the carriage for non-Europeans, already full of the humbler people of his race (43) How theres a carriage exclusively for non-Europeans is understandable at the time period that this novel is set in, but people who read this in the 21st century expertness look that this is odd how Europeans couldnt stand to ride in the same carriage as non-Europeans. Black and white it says, blackness and white, though it is red and green. It is excessively much to understand. (47) The order it goes, black and white then red and green. It shows you that the whites are more superior because they are the sign to go, and the blacks have to stop and wait. The whites always doctor first word on things and blacks have to settle with that the whites left them. They talked of young criminal children and older and more dangerous criminals, of how white Johannesburg was afraid of black crime. (52)How it says black crime is alone wrong. There is such thing as white crime too, but appar ently the white people dont think that white crime is just as dangerous as black crime. It shows how scared they were of people of different races and think that just because of your color you are aband one and only(a)d to do more dangerous things. That is a pity, says Msimsngu. I am non a man for segregation, but it is a pity that we are not apart. They rivulet trams from the centre of the city, and part is for Europeans and part for us. But we are often thrown off the trams by young hooligans. And our hooligans are ready for trouble too. (58) Its configuration of sad how this is a person who doesnt believe in segregation, but feels the need to be apart from the different race.When someone is being hostile towards you its not a good feeling, so of course you wouldnt want to be near that individual. I think in this setting and time its understandable that someone would feel this way about being separated. Kumalos face wore the smile, the strange smile not known in other countri es, of a black man when he sees one of his people helped in public by a white man, for such a thing is not piano done. (81) It bothers me that this smile is for a deed that should be done anyway. I mean, I know its set in a time where theres segregation betweenthe different races, but seeing how I was born and raised in an era where it isnt customary to ignore someone only when because of their race.Cry, the love CountryDialectical JournalsTheme FearQuoteResponseThe small child rudeed the door, carefully like one who was afraid to open carelessly, the door of so important a house, and stepped timidly in. (35) Just how the girls movement is describes makes me feel scared. The words timidly and carelessly really take on to how you could picture her moving. Being a small child and going into a house that is owned by such an important person would be terrifying because if you were to accidentally break something or slip up then itd be very bad. They go to Johannesburg, and there the y are lost, an no one hears of them at all. (39) It sounds like Johannesburg is sucking them up and not letting them free. People index never hear from people that have gone to Johannesburg because their life was acquire worse by living in Johannesburg. I would be kind of scared to go to Johannesburg because no one hears from you once again.He goes carefully that he may not bump anybody, holding tightly on to his bag.(47) Hes afraid that someone might try to snatch his bag. Being in an abstruse keister is hard for a lot of people. They hear rumors and then they get scared. Its not bad to always be careful, but it wasnt just careful he was being. The young man took the pound and walked a short distance to the corner. As the turned it. Kumalo was afraid. The line moved forward and he with it, clutching his bag. And again forward, and again forward, and soon he must enter a bus, but still he had no ticket. As through the has suddenly thought of something he left he line, and walk ed the corner, but there was no sign of the young man.(48-49) Trusting strangers with your money isnt an easy thing to do. And being in a foreign place makes it even up more confusing on if you should trust anyone or not. When youre poor like Kumalo was, money was very precious to you. He was taking money that was going to be used for clothes. Seeing someone run off with your money is something that makes you lose faith in the human race.Cry, the Beloved CountryDialectical JournalsTheme Economic Prosperity v. Loss of ValuesQuoteResponseShe came here to look for her keep up who was recruited for the mines She lives in Claremont, not furthest from here. It is one of the worst places in Johannesburg that is her work, she makes and sells it These women sleep with any man for their price She has been in prison, more than once. (53) Kumalos sister went to the big city to find her husband and it turns out that she never did. At least thats what it seems like its trying to hint at. It s eems like as soon as she entered a place to be rumored as a better economic area, she lost all morals and values. This is sad really, for both Kumalo and his sister. (55)Cry, the Beloved CountryDialectical JournalsTheme beggaryQuoteResponseHow can I use it? he said. This money was to send Absalom to St. Chads This money we have saved for that purpose will never be used for it. (38-39) Stephen feels if he were to use the money they saved for his son it wouldnt be right. He also knows that if he doesnt use it, it might never be used for anything at all. He doesnt know where his son is because he hasnt tried to contact ever since he left. beat back it all, Stephen. There may be doctors, hospital, other troubles. Take it all. And take the Post Office Bookthere is ten pounds in ityou must take that also. I have been saving that for your stove, He said That cannot be helped, she said. And that other money, though we saved it for St. Chads, I had meant it for your peeled black clothes, and a new black hat, and new white collars (40) I think how Stephens wife tells him to take all the money is something that shows how much she cares about his wellbeing. How they were saving it for a stove for his wife and new clothes for Stephen but his wife wanted him to take the money for their needs before their wants. Stephen needs to have enough money for anything and everything that might be thrown in his path in this journey he is about to embark on. This is a long way to go, and a lot of money to pay. And if he has to bring her back, what will that cost too? (42) Hes going to this unknown city where they dont know how much things are. And if his sister is gravely ill, then what? Hes not going to leave her there, shes family and family always comes first.Is it wrong to admit more money? John Kumalo asks. We get smallish enough. It is only our share that we ask, enough to our wives and families from starvation. For we do not get enough. The Lansdown Commission said that we do not get enough. The Smit Commission said that we do not get enough. (218) Everyone is saying that John Kumalo is poor because he isnt getting enough money. Hes wondering if asking for money is something that is socially acceptable, even if you need it to not starve. I think that this is sort of sad because when you think about it there are people in this time of day that would ask the same question to themselves but never ask.Cry, the Beloved CountryDialectical JournalsTheme ReligionQuoteResponse(37)I lied. This doesnt work.(43)Ha. This one doesnt work either .(51)Oh and this? FAIL.They went into a room where a table was laid, and there he met many priests, both white and black, and they sat down after pad and ate together. (51) At a time of social and political unrest, the two different races could sit together without being appalled by each others races. I think that speaksfor itself in the fact that religion is uniting the (187)Ha not this one. this one is evil. jkCry, the Beloved CountryDialectical JournalsTheme leniencyQuoteResponseThey knelt down, and he prayed, quietly so that the neighbors might not hear, and she punctuated his petitions with Amens. And when he had finished, she burst into a torrent of prayer, of self-denunciation, and urgent petition. And thus reconciled, they sat break in hand. (61) And he said to her, will you now take a fourth husband? And desperately she said, no, no, I want no husband anymore. (146) And so he laughed again, and let go her hands, and took up his hat. I shall come for you when everything is ready for the marriage. Have you clothes? (148)-I have heard you, he said. I understand what I did not understand. There is no anger in me. (214)

Understanding Organizational Citizenship Behaviors

Joshua Harris Althea Johns organizational way October 21, 2012 Understanding Organizational Citizenship Behaviors Citizenship, about dont normally associate this term with an organization like a business. more(prenominal) would think of the word citizenship in terms of the country that you may live in. Some may correct think of it more broadly then that. As in we are all citizens of this planet. But what is the foe? Are thither smaller citizenship classifications, and are they as outstanding? Particularly, what ab step up citizenship at your place of employment? What does organizational citizenship behavior mean to a comp whatever? behind it affect things like farm out satisfaction, efficiency, productivity, and client satisfaction? Research suggests that there is a moderately cocksure correlation between job power and organizational citizenship behavior. (Kinicki) This paper will examine real ex axerophtholles of OCB, explain how organizations cannisternister mou ld OCB, and which pitfalls to watch out for. (Kinicki) Organ defined organizational citizenship behaviors as, Individual behavior that is discretionary, not directly or explicitly accepted by the formal reward system, and that in the aggregate promotes the effective functioning of the organization.By discretionary, we mean that the behavior is not an enforceable requirement of the role or the job description, that is, the cl proto(prenominal) specifiable terms of the persons employment contract with the organization the behavior is rather a matter of personal choice, such that its negligence is not generally understood as punishable. (Organ) Literature in this subject has been almost non-existent prior the early 1980s, only has increased in popularity ever since. Its these discretionary behaviors that according to Brooker, Our esprit de corps is the core of our victor. Thats the most difficult thing for a competitor to imitate.They can buy all the physical things. The thing you cant buy is dedication, devotion, and loyalty. (Brooker) Its this loyalty that convinced Herb Kelleher, from Bookers article tiled Can anyone replace Herb? to argue that employee citizenship is the single biggest reason for the companys success. However this was hard to seek with hard evidence until late 1990s. (Brooker) In Bolino and Turnleys 2003 article Going the Extra Mile Cultivating and managing Employee Citizenship Behavior which appeared in Academy of Management Executive, they describe factors that can promote good OCB.It is the authors opinion that the most important being job satisfaction. (Turnley) Bolino & Turnley conclude from their analyst of several studies, that if an employee is happy, they will provide a positive organizational citizenship behavior. The article also covered early(a) factors such as trust, job interest and involvement, organizational support, and Employee Characteristics. It is with these factors that researches use to try to come up with predictors. Perhaps one of the ruff predictors happens in what Bolino and Turnley calls the recruitment & selection process. Turnley)They provide three main ways in which human resource managers can inspection and repair achieve this. The first is to look for causes that applicants are committed to. For examples, college graduates that have a lot of extra curricular activities or a professional with volunteer services. Another predictor in determining positive OCB would be to provide situational questions to the interviewee. (Turnley)This is one tool that Smuckers uses to gage their employees. The last tool the article provides is personality singularity questions.This is somewhat similar to situational interviews, but they are geared to the person and not a specific situation. The abutting natural step in influencing organizational citizenship behavior is during training. It is during training that an organization may have the best chance at eliciting citizenship behaviors. However, Bolino & Turnley, describe how this is usually the opposite of what organizations do, due to their emphasis on private achievements. One way an organization can aid influence positive OCB is to sponsor training programs that revolve approximately on cooperation and taking initiative.But probably the best would be to develop a training program that is utilise to improve relationships among coworkers and/or supervisors and subordinates. Bolinos article gave an example of this at Southwest Airlines when works were cross-trained on other positions. This allowed employees to gain experience in other area, but also appreciate and help out when they could. in like manner a study showed that supervisors that have had training in organizational justice principles also benefit from higher(prenominal) levels of OCB. In the last direct way organizations can influence OCB is in compensation.Bolinos article conclude that employees are more likely to engage in behaviors that are rewarded. An example of this is Asada, the British subsidiary of Wal-Mart, gives awards to employees who go above and beyond. CitiGroup does something similar. It is called Galaxy of Thanks. Employees can thank other employees for going above and beyond. If an employee reaches so many, that employee gets special recognition by the company and can win rewards. (Young) Bolinos article also pointed to aggroup or organizational level compensation fosters positive OCB. But, there can be many pitfalls for compensating for OCB.Some more informal ways of promoting positive OCB would include developing a culture in the organization that is tributary for positive OCB. Having managers and supervisors living by the same standard and by having an organization act in a deserving way. As you can tell there are many ways that organizations can influence their potential positive organizational citizenship behavior. But, there are some pitfalls to be aware of. While there are potentially several p itfalls, all seem easily manageable. Bolino places pitfalls in three categories Impression Management, Costs, and Escalating.Impression Management, is noteworthy in another article by Bolino as, Several organizational behavior scholars have noted that individuals may engage in organizational citizenship behaviors not because they are concerned about the organizations wellbeing but because such activities may cause others (especially their supervisors) to look favorably upon them (Bolino) The pitfall here comes when rewarding this role of Impression Management behavior, which can put a strain on morale. (Turnley)Managers should watch for this type of motif during citizenship assessments and be sure not to reward this type of behavior.If this behavior is rewarded the costs could certainly outweigh any potential gains. Another potential downside to positive OCB happens when employees become lax on their main job functions. some dont think helping another co-worker could potentiall y be a downfall, but that is exactly what Sprint, Xerox, and Ford found out in a Wall Street Journal study. Employees would help co-workers with computer issues and it was estimated to have cost the companies upwards of $15,000 per computer. It is thought that hiring more support personal would have been importantly less expensive, and with better quality of support. Bulkeley)The last area of pitfalls is a judgment of Escalating Citizenship. You can think of this concept like inflation. Today a dollar will buy you much less than fifty or so years ago and escalating citizenship is something that manager must watch out for. If the bar for above and beyond is constantly moved higher and higher it can be catastrophic for an organization including high levels of job dissatisfaction, high turnover, and high stress. It is the authors opinion that the evidence is overwhelming that positive organizational behavior can greatly influence or be the single biggest reason for the companys succes s. Brooker)In this essay we have examined why organizational citizenship is important to an organization. We also took a look at what organizations can do to positively impact OCB. Finally we examined some downsides of OCB and provided some way managers can navigate around them. Organizational citizenship behavior can be a very good thing, when done correctly. Bibliography Bolino. Citizenship and impression managment ripe soliders or good actors. Academy of Managment Review 24. 1 (n. d. ) 82-88. Brooker, K. Can anyone replace Herb? 2000. Fourtune. 19 Oct 2012 <http//money. nn. com/magazines/ outcome/fortune_archive/2000/04/17/278112/index. htm>. Bulkeley, W. M. Study finds hidden costs of computing. The Wall Street Journal (1992). Kinicki, Angelo. Managment a practical incoming 5E. New York McGraw-Hill, 2011. Organ, D. W. Organizatioal citizenship behavior The good soldier syndrome. Lexington Lexington Books, n. d. Turnley. Going The Extra Mile Cultivating and managing empl oyee citizenship behavior. Academy of Managment Executives 17. 3 (2003) 60-71. Young, Joseph P. Interview. Joshua Harris. 19 October 2012.

Discount rate

The target used to discount future crown flows to their present values is a key variable of this process. A firms weighted average approach of majuscule (after tax) is often used, but umteen people believe that it is appropriate to use higher discount grade to adjust for risk or other fixingss. A variable discount consec grade with higher order applied to cash flows occurring save along the time span might be used to smoothen the yield curve bonus for long-term debt. Another approach to choosing the discount rate factor is to dissolve the rate which the capital require for the control could return if invested in an choice venture.If, for example, the capital required for shake off A can crap five percent elsewhere, use this discount rate in the NPV numeration to allow a machinate comparison to be made between Project A and the substitute. related to to this concept is to use the firms Reinvestment Rate. Reinvestment rate can be defined as the rate of return for the firms investments on average. When analyzing projects in a capital constrained environment, it may be appropriate to use the reinvestment rate quite than the firms weighted average court of capital as the discount factor.It reflects opportunity cost of investment, rather than the perchance lower cost of capital. An NPV work out employ variable discount rates (if they are known for the succession of the investment) better reflects the real business office than one calculated from a constant discount rate for the accurate investment duration. Refer to the tutorial article written by Samuel Baker3 for more detailed relationship between the NPV value and the discount rate. For almost professional investors, their investment funds are committed to target a specified rate of return.In such cases, that rate of return should be selected as the discount rate for the NPV calculation. In this way, a draw comparison can be made between the profitability of the project and the d esired rate of return. To around extent, the selection of the discount rate is dependent on the use to which it testament be put. If the intent is merely to determine whether a project will add value to the company, using the firms weighted average cost of capital may be appropriate.If trying to decide between alternative investments in order to maximize the value of the firm, the corporate reinvestment rate would probably be a etter choice. development variable rates all over time, or discounting guaranteed cash flows differently from at risk cash flows may be a prize methodology, but is seldom used in practice. Using the discount rate to adjust for risk is often difficult to do in practice (especially internationally), and is difficult to do well. An alternative to using discount factor to adjust for risk is to explicitly correct the cash flows for the risk elements using rNPV or a like method, then discount at the firms rate.Discount rateThe rate used to discount future ca sh flows to their present values is a key variable of this process. A firms weighted average cost of capital (after tax) is often used, but many people believe that it is appropriate to use higher discount rates to adjust for risk or other factors. A variable discount rate with higher rates applied to cash flows occurring further along the time span might be used to reflect the yield curve premium for long-term debt. Another approach to choosing the discount rate factor is to decide the rate which the capital needed for the project could return if invested in an alternative venture.If, for example, the capital required for Project A can earn five percent elsewhere, use this discount rate in the NPV calculation to allow a direct comparison to be made between Project A and the alternative. Related to this concept is to use the firms Reinvestment Rate. Reinvestment rate can be defined as the rate of return for the firms investments on average. When analyzing projects in a capital const rained environment, it may be appropriate to use the reinvestment rate rather than the firms weighted average cost of capital as the discount factor.It reflects opportunity cost of investment, rather than the possibly lower cost of capital. An NPV calculated using variable discount rates (if they are known for the duration of the investment) better reflects the real situation than one calculated from a constant discount rate for the entire investment duration. Refer to the tutorial article written by Samuel Baker3 for more detailed relationship between the NPV value and the discount rate. For some professional investors, their investment funds are committed to target a specified rate of return.In such cases, that rate of return should be selected as the discount rate for the NPV calculation. In this way, a direct comparison can be made between the profitability of the project and the desired rate of return. To some extent, the selection of the discount rate is dependent on the use t o which it will be put. If the intent is simply to determine whether a project will add value to the company, using the firms weighted average cost of capital may be appropriate.If trying to decide between alternative investments in order to maximize the value of the firm, the corporate reinvestment rate would probably be a etter choice. Using variable rates over time, or discounting guaranteed cash flows differently from at risk cash flows may be a superior methodology, but is seldom used in practice. Using the discount rate to adjust for risk is often difficult to do in practice (especially internationally), and is difficult to do well. An alternative to using discount factor to adjust for risk is to explicitly correct the cash flows for the risk elements using rNPV or a similar method, then discount at the firms rate.

ITStrategy and Positioning for Volkswagen Financial Services (UK)

IntroductionThis assignment is constructed to overturn a case study of an subsisting caper and analyse its IT dodging and positioning for warring advantage. A few hours were spent researching ideals into companies of interest to which I had to ingest sure it fitted in line with the assignment objective. The fundamental law that sparked my interest was Volkswagen fiscal ready (UK). This was beca procedure they ar a large institution which is vastly growing year by year and down a major(ip) influence in them motor industry. I alike got the privilege of working at heart their client make out department as a customer function advisor.BackgroundVolkswagen Financial work is a m peerlesstary services provider in the Volkswagen Group. The keep lodge deals in a broad spectrum of automotive outputs including financing dealers and customers through leasing, corporate financing, vehicle fleet management to banking and insurance products. According to the 2013 report, the lodge has experienced a elevator in the number of contracts in their portfolio from just under-8 million to over 8.8 million, a 10.9 percent rise. The Management panel Chairman Frank Witter attri howeveres this growth to a 5 percent increase in number of vehicles delivered to much than 9.7 million. The company was also adapted to attract more customers with their pecuniary services. As a leading financial provider for all things automotive cut-rate sales within the umbrella of Volkswagen Financial service AG, the company has certain key strategies to witness they achieve their mission, which is to support the sales of all Volkswagen Group brands worldwide and increase customer loyalty in a sustain competent manner along the entire automotive take to be scope (VW FS Annual Report, 2013). Volkswagen strategy statement is based on customer-focus, pioneering and getting things done. To ensure sustainable growth, the company pursues its strategy in three fronts brands, markets and products. That is, developing new brands for Volkswagen Group, giveing new markets, and developing new products in existing markets. Volkswagen Financial Services continue to adopt a consistent customer relationship management (CRM) strategy in its customer c ar. As much(prenominal), structures of the company and its processes have been aligned with customer groups and their unique requirements (VW FS Annual Report, 2013). Johnson et al (2013, p.69) describes strategy as the long- confines direction of an organisation. A leading strategy theorist Michael Porter would furbish up to this as a competitive strategy that seeks to be dissimilar from challenger, by deliberately choosing a different set of activities to deliver a unique mix of value to the intended consumers (Porter, 1996, p.31). The Volkswagen Financial Services strategy squirt be considered to be based on what Porter (1996) describes as variety-based and needs-based positioning. nevertheless, Volkswagen Financi al Services unbroken pursuance of consistent CRM strategy in customer c be led the company to rethink its organisation structure and customer groups as aligned by the customer requirements. In attempt to support this organisational restructuring, the organisation required an IT structure to allow the company have a standard of customer data, standard and consecutive process support right from customer support to subsequent processing and transaction execution, integrating existing transaction-related banking system without any additional extensive conversions. In order to meet these requirements, a product and division-oriented IT surround was implemented. Core applications and systems related to transaction-related banking systems where clients accounts and contracts could be managed were implemented. The implementations of these applications and systems isolated the confused specific client data from each former(a)(a) making an integral view much more complicated and cumberso me. But the company solved this hassle when they installed customer-oriented IT architecture in SAP CRM for a standard customer care and SAP NetWeaverTM as a system integration platform. Although Volkswagen Financial Services whitethorn have considered this a triumph in its efforts to alter their CRM-oriented strategy in customer service, its not a unique strategy that send word modify their competitive advantage given its ease of adoption by competitors or new entrants.Le blighter C for Volkswagen Financials Services In order to comprehensively understand Volkswagen Financial Services strategic capabilities, it is fundamental to use the Le Pest C model (Brooks and Weatherston, 2002) LePestC Possible Issues at VW FS (UK)LegalData bail and privacy legislations and legal challenges Economic Low profit readiness due to decreased consumer spending power and inability to expand to emerging markets Political VW Financial Services AG, which inevitable controls its strategic decisio ns making process environment/Ecologic surroundal pressure from regulatory authoritiesSocialChange of consumer preferences, e.g. study shows that more consumers in Europe prefer to travel via train rather than personal cars Technological New technology that are likely to render the current ones obsolete and requires upgrade regularly Competitiveness Competition from financial companies and other auto dealersLegal Data security and privacy have become serious challenges to many businesses, gentility concerns with rise in big data and cloud computing initiatives. Auto suppliers like Volkswagen Financial Services Company collect and store highly confidential and sensitive customer data that may be at risk from data breaches. It must be bankers billd that the company is networked not only internally but also externally through internet or other telecommunication connectivity. As such, the company needs to have a robust information security practices not only well attested in the form of information security policies but also ensure strict adherence to estimable standards to avoid legal suits. more thanover, the company needs to develop internal ethical standards in line with their business principles and treat it as part and parcel of the CRM strategies (Barreto, 2010). In case the company wants to use big data, it must strive to develop policy that informs the clients in advance to agree or disagree with such plans. distress to develop such policies may attract legal suits from clients disputing the use of their personal data. The outcome of legal suits may be extremely costly to the company in scathe of legal fees, unfavourable strict politics regulations and reputation damage. Economic Volkswagen Financial Services Company has experience the challenges associated with the economic financial crisis that started at the trespass of 2008. Although the company considers rise in sales and number of client subscribed in the latest reports, the decreased disposable income is likely to affect the company negatively in the long run, given financial challenges touching its major European market. Environmental/ Ecological Auto suppliers like Volkswagen Financial Services impudence various challenges in maintaining extra-regulatory compliance with contractual clauses. Some of these clauses often require them to certify that the car parts of sale are free of asbestos, lead paint, chromium, and blood minerals among other banned elements (Mintzberg, et al., 2002). These regulatory compliance requirements are meant to ensure sustainability and protection of environment. Issues such as greenhouse gases that cause global warming, and waste management increases cost of production. Socio-cultural Studies have shown that public transport in Europe is becoming more popular than passenger cars (Tyrinopoulos and Antoniou, 2013). This kind of purpose may suggest that the metamorphose in trend is more associated with change in social preference. Mo re significantly, the company has not managed to break into Chinese among other emerging markets with its financial services considering that Chinese consumers are change-buyers rather than credit buyers, as noted by the companys 2013 Annual Report. This cultural restriction has affected the companys financial front in terms of sales return. Technological in that location are proficient challenges associated with auto and financial industries. The challenge with technology is that it changes every day, with new ideas propping up that may provide speedy-moving competitors with better competitive advantage (Maritan and Brush, 2003). VW FS (UK) is one of the companies in this sector that suffers from the technological challenges. Competitive competition from other auto suppliers is real. Although the company has gained competitive advantage with multi-brand CRM, there is likelihood that their major competitors will do the same.strategic Capabilities of Volkswagen Financial Service s (UK) Strategic capabilities of a firm are those capabilities that lead to a competitive advantage. Mintzberg, et al. (2002) defines strategic Resources and competencies as the two components that define resource capability. Further, resources are those assets that an organisation own or can call upon to aid their progress. Competencies are the ability to deploy those resources effectively or to make use of the operational resources to achieve a certain goal (Teece, 2007). In others words, resources are what is available and competencies are the ability to use these resources. Table Representation of strategic capability of Volkswagen Financial ServicesResources CompetenciesMachines, raw materials, products, patents, database, computer systems Physical The company has the promoter to achieve utilisation of plant, efficiency, productivity, flexibility, marketingBalance sheet, cash flow, revenue Financial That company has the means to raise funds and manage cash flow, debtors, cred itors, etc. Managers, employees, partners, suppliers, customers Human The company has experience, skills, association, and ability to build relationships, trigger off others and innovate. However, its yet to exploit this ability to the maximum. (Brooks and Weatherston, 2002). If fully used, the above representation would lead to long term survival of VW FS, and subsequently strengthen their competitive advantage. Although the strategic capabilities should be dynamic enough, there is a name indication that Volkswagen Financial Services is not as dynamic as required. The company should be able to recreate and renew its strategic capabilities according to the changing business environment. For example, while tangible assets, cost control, and prime(a) maintenance are important capabilities that the company has embraced, there are more long term capabilities such as sensing, seizing and reconfiguring that are significantUsing entry to spur entrepreneurshipInnovation and entrepreneu rship is about creating the new- two new products and services and new business models and organisations (Johnson, et al., 2013). Creating value for firms and customers, unveiling and entrepreneurship are fundamental to todays highly competitive economies. But the decision to innovate and pursue new market leads through innovation can be a hard choice for organisations as has been demonstrated by Volkswagen Financial Services attempts to enter Chinese market. The company ought to have asked various fundamental questions such as Will it be distinguish if they too pioneer in new technologies or rather be a fast follower (timing and relationship)innovation dilemma How should they react to radical innovations that threaten to destroy its existing revenues? In such a highly competitive industry, entrepreneurship is a significant nerve of any business. In other words, entrepreneurship is fundamental aspect of any business that wants to keep up with the changing business environment. I ts entrepreneurship that drives innovation.Innovation dilemmaHowever there are innovation dilemmas that may affect a firms decision-making process. Many corporations face strategic dilemma on whether to innovate or note. Johnson et al. (2013,p. 239) describes innovation as the process of converting new knowledge into a new product, process or service and the putting of this new product, process or service into actual use. Another aspect of innovation dilemma facing VW FS is whether to adopt absolved or closed(a) innovation. Porter (1996) describes open innovation as the process of deliberate importation and exportation of knowledge by a firm in their attempt to speed up and intensify innovation. Open innovation advocates for open exchange of ideas for quick better products to keep ahead of competition. Closed innovation is based on a firms insistence on making every innovative ideas internal, keeping everything secret from outside people. Volkswagen Financial Services Company seem s to focus on closed innovation, which inevitably limits their ability to source for ideas. There is likelihood that this limits their ability to attract external skills or innovative ideas.Technological or business model innovation about successful and progressive innovative activities do not necessarily rely on the latest or new science or technology, but involve reorganizing into new business by combining every aspect of a business (Johnson et al., 2013). A business model describes how an organisation manages incomes and costs through the structural arrangements of its activities. For example, when Ryanair decided to adopt the ultra cheap airline tickets, its business model innovation involved the multiplication of revenues via direct sales through the internet, thereby cutting out intermediary travel agents, while also using cheap secondary airports. Cheap airports and internet sales proved more significant than technological innovation. There are various ways of analysing a b usiness model innovation, including the use of value chain, value net or activity network frameworks (Johnson et al., 2013). Typically, these frameworks are meant to direct managers and entrepreneurs to two primary frameworks for potential innovations The product a new business model may redefine what the product or service is and how it is produced. This concerns technology in relation to the value chain. The selling a new business model may change how an organisation generates its revenue, with implications for selling and distribution. In the perspective of Volkswagen FS, the companys value chain in terms of emerging markets has not picked up as anticipated. The emerging markets, unlike the developed markets are generally cash buyers. The company may consider using instalments payment model to establish its value chain within the emerging markets like China and India, with attractive product packages targeting the growing middle class consumers in these countries. Innovators an d pursuit There are those who choose to lead innovations and those who follow. Barreto (2010) argue that first-movers often start from a positive note where because they get leisurely and quick sales previous(predicate), experience fast growth and have the ability to establish the dominant positions. Examples of first-movers who have succeeded in this line are Coca Cola in soft drinks and make clean in vacuum cleaners. However, there are many first-movers that have failed such as the powerful Microsoft which failed with its tab computer launch in 2001. Nine years later, Apple swept the market with its iPad tablet computer.First-mover advantages and disadvantagesFirst-movers are generally temporary monopolies. Their advantage exists where they appear better off than their competitors as a result of beingness first to market with a new product, process or service (Teece, 2009 Teece, 2007). There are 5 potentially more robust first-movers advantage They can build on experience i n a market and benefit from the accrued market knowledge and skills They can scale faster and enjoy the early benefits They have the opportunity for pre-emption of scarce resources They can build early reputation, particularly because consumers have elfin mind-space to recognise new brands that follows They can exploit the buyer switching costs, by ensuring that their customers are locked with privileged or sticky relationships that later challengers may find too costly to adopt (Teece, 2009) However, Mintzberg (2002) observe that there are disadvantages for being first-movers as seen with Microsofts earlier failure with tablets. First is the free-riding factor. Late movers may find it easy to imitate first movers technology and other innovations at less expense than to begin with incurred by pioneers. Research indicates that the costs of imitation are only 65% of the cost of innovation (Teece, 2009). In addition, late-movers have the ability to learn from the errors made by first- movers, picking on what worked well and avoiding what did not work for their pioneer competitor. In other words, they may not make so many mistakes and be able to get it right first time unlike their pioneer competitor.Should Volkswagen Financial Services be a first or second?Managers and entrepreneurs often find it hard to choose either to be a first-mover or a follower. However, London Business Schools Costas Markides and Paul Geroski argue that the most appropriate response to innovation, especially radical innovation, is often not to be a first mover but to be a fast second (Mintzberg, 2002). A first second strategy involves being one of the first to imitate the original innovator. According to Porter (1996) there are three contextual factors to consider in choosing between innovating and imitating Capacity for profit capture. If a follower can imitate faster and efficiently, it can capture good profits. Its more effective where the pioneer is not able to define the boundaries f or quick property Complementary assets. An organisation in possession of the assets or resources have the ability to scale up the production and marketing of the innovation Fast-moving arenas. In situations where markets or technologies are moving very fast, and especially where both are highly dynamic, first-movers are unlikely to establish a durable advantage. The incumbent can react to new entrants into the market by adopting disruptive innovation. As has been shown earlier, disruptive innovation can create secure growth by offering a new performance trajectory that, even if initially substandard to the performance of existing technologies, has the potential to become markedly superior Winter, 2003). Incumbents can follow two policies to tending keep them responsive to potentially disruptive innovation Develop a portfolio of real options and new reckon units.ReferencesBarreto, I. (2010). Dynamic capabilities a review of past research and an agenda for the future. Journal of Management, 36 (1) 256-80. Brooks, I. and Weatherston, J. (2002). The Business Environment Challenges and Changes. NJ Prentice Hall. Johnson, G., Whittington, R., Scholes, K., Angwin, D., and Regner, P. (2013). Exploring Strategy Text & Cases. NJ Pearson Education. Maritan, C.A and Brush, T.H. (2003). Heterogeneity and transferring practices implementing flow practices in multiple plants. Strategic Management Journal, 24 (10) 945-60. Mintzberg, H., Ghoshal, S., Lampel, J., and Quinn, J.B. (2002) The Strategy Process Concepts, Context, Cases,4th Edition, Prentice Hall. Porter, M. (1996) What is Strategy?, Harvard Business Review, November- December 61-78. Tyrinopoulos, Y. and Antoniou, C. (2013) Factors affecting modal auxiliary verb choice in urban mobility. European Transport Research Review. 5 (1). pp. 27-39. Teece, D.J. (2009). Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic management- organising for innovation and growth, Oxford Oxford University Press. Teece, D.J. (2007). Explicating dyn amic capabilities the nature and microfoundations of sustainable enterprise performance. Strategic Management Journal, 28 (1) 1319-50. VW FS Annual Report (2013). Volkswagen Financial Services AG The key to mobility. Winter, S.G. (2003). Understanding dynamic capabilities. Strategic Management Journal, 24 (10) 991-5.

Gregor and Othello: Disillusionment Essay

An illusion is something that we think is real but is actu totallyy not. We produce illusions when our minds map tricks on us. When we discover the truth, we recover a terrible sense datum of disenchantment. This is when we discover that what set about known all along has been false. Disillusionment thugs at our innermost core and lead us to deep misery. The characters of Gregor Samsa in Franz Kafkas The Metamorphosis and Othello in Shakespeares play of the same title both(prenominal) experience this sense disillusionment.They both think that the thing that they believe in is real but towards the end of their lives, they discover that what they have believed in are just illusions. When Gregor Samsa turns into a giant worm, he notices the transformation but he still believes that he is still the human Gregor. Even if he notices that he turns into an insect, he is not worried. What he is worried near is that he is late for work and that his boss might bind angry at him (1085). He forces himself to get up and thinks that what he has to do even off if he sees that he has turned into an insect is to get dressed, have breakfast and catch the next train to work.Gregors illusion is that the world will treat him as Gregor the human even if his appearance has turned into an insect. It is an illusion because every soundbox who sees Gregor sees only the monstrous insect and not Gregor. He tries to make every unitary understand that he is still Gregor but being turned into an insect, he talks want an insect and the insect noises that he makes are not understood by his family. The family sees a giant insect and hears insect noises. So even if inside that insect shell, theres still Gregor who thinks human thoughts and feel human warmth and affection, outside, he is not Gregor anymore.His illusion is that others will see him as human and not as insect. theres even a point in the when Gregors insect body grows on him that he starts to enjoy moving and using his new kind of feet. He learns to crawl round his room, on the wall and on the ceiling. When Gregors infant, Grete, notices Gregors behavior, Grete thinks that they should get rid of the furniture inside Gregors room to allow Gregor to crawl more freely (1098). Gregor initially welcomes the suggestion but is startled because he notices that with that suggestion, he is actually allowing his family to think that he has really turned into a crawling insect (1099).So he scared Grete and his mother while they are carrying the furniture out. Gregor holds on to his illusion that his family will in the end see that he is still Gregor. He always makes it a point to be courteous to his family. Since his family cannot deal out his hideous appearance especially his sister Grete who comes to his room for food, Gregor hides his body whenever he senses Grete getting inside his room. There is even one time when he labors for four hours just to cover his whole body for his sister Grete (1097). But as d ays pass, it becomes evident that Gregors family members will not look or join to him as a human.Gregors disillusionment happens when he gets out of his room to get closer to Grete who is compete violin for the lodgers. When the lodgers and Grete see him, Grete tells everyone with Gregor in front of her You just have to try to get rid of the imagination that its Gregor. Believing it for so long that is our real misfortune. But how can it be Gregor? (1107) When Gregor hears his sister he becomes sad, returns to his room and dies in misery that he really cannot be Gregor anymore to his family. Othellos illusion is that his married woman is deception on him.This is not real but Othello is tricked and made to believe of his wifes infidelity. It is Iago, one of Othellos men who cunningly produces the illusion in Othellos mind. In Act 1 dead reckoning trey of the play, Iago makes a speech about his intention for tricking Othello. He hates Othello, I hate the Moor, because Othello do es not make him Lieutenant. Instead, Othello chooses Cassio whom Iago believes to be less experienced and qualified (Shakespeare Act I Scene III draw ins 383-404). Iago uses Cassio and even his own wife, Emilia to achieve his plot of ruining Othello by making him believe that his wife is having an topic with Cassio.Iago asks Emilio who works for Desdemona to steal Desdemonas handkerchief given to her by Othello. Emilia does not initially leery of Iagos evil plot she gets the handkerchief and gives it to Iago. Iago then puts the handkerchief in Cassios room (Act III Scene IV). This is what Iago uses to make Othello believe that Desdemona is having an affair with Cassio and Othello believes him. Othellos disillusionment happens after he has killed Desdemona for believing that Desdemona is cheating on him.In Act V Scene II, Emily tells Othello that Desdemona loves him and that Desdemona does not give Cassio the handkerchief as attribute of her love ( line of credits 226-229). Othel lo confirms this with Iagos behavior. As Emily is divulging the Iagos evil plot, Iago kills Emily and runs away (Act V Scene II Line 239). Othello recognizes his foolishness, O fool O fool O Fool (Act V Scene II Line 322) The disillusionment leads Othello to misery and takes his own life. The characters of Gregor and Othello both hang on to illusions and feel a terrible sense of disillusionment upon learning of the truth.Disillusionment is a universal human emotion. As in the case of Gregor and Othello, disillusionment always result in pain for us humans because pain is the result of the destruction of that percent of us that keeps us ignorant. The pain that comes with disillusionment signals that something in us is destroyed our illusion and ignorance.Works CitedKafka, Franz. The Metamorphosis. lit World Masterpieces. 4th Ed. New Jersey Prentice Hall, 1996, 1084-1110. Shakespeare, William. Othello the Moor of Venice. The Compact Bedford Introduction to Drama. Ed. Lee A. Jacobus. fifth Ed. New York Bedfords/St. Martin, 2005, 246-288.

Skunk Hour

Elizabeth Bishops The Armadillo and Robert Lowells Skunk Hour are dedicated to one an opposite not simply out of friendship, but because each poet imitates each others style and alludes to the others key personal traits. While Bishop chin-wags on her friend Lowells rage against humanitys cruelty, Lowell writes of Bishops isolation and inner darkness, yet also a resilience to persevere. Written first, The Armadillo describes a celebration in which fire balloons are illegally set aloft, only to locate and burn animals homes.The poem moves from describing something apparently delightful, as the balloons flush and fill with light / that comes and goes, like hearts to a suddenly violent scene of the burst balloon burning an owls nest, frightening the birds from their home. As it burns, an armadillo and baby mouse hare flee the scene. Scholar Penelope Laurens writes Bishop dedicated this poem to Robert Lowell, who became a conscientious objector when the Allied hold in began fire-bomb ing German cities.Bishops poem points directly to these fire bombings, which wreaked the same kind of horrifying destruction on a part of our universe that the fire balloons wreak on the animals (On The Armadillo). The seemingly beautiful balloons start something ugly falling fire and piercing cry and the armadillo seems to symbolize Lowell, the weak mailed fist seize against the wars cruelty. However, it is less about his anti-war stance than about Bishops appreciation for Lowells top executive to write beautifully even about ugly, harsh subjects.According to scholar Bonnie Costello, The Armadillo has been read as a critique of his way of making art out of suffering . . . but here she dramatizes this artistic distance and the inevitable drop dead to the rage of the suffering body (On The Armadillo). Indeed, Bishop moves from a detached description of the balloons on strictly aesthetic terms and makes their effects dramatic and personal, with a sort of quiet anger at the crue lty of their effects.In response, Lowell playfully alludes to her as the hermit heiress with a bishop for a son (indeed, Bishop was childless and reclusive), and the fairy designer seems a nod to Bishops homosexuality, but these figures matter far less than the skunk at the end. As Bishop acknowledge Lowells gesture against warfare, Lowell pays tribute to Bishops view of the world around her not as ancient and antiquated, as the first stanzas suggest, but also as a decaying place, but also one where vitality continues nonetheless.Lowell himself claimed, The first four stanzas are meant to give a dawdling more or less amiable picture of a declining Maine sea town . . . but then all comes alive in stanzas V and VI. This is the dark nighttime . . . not gracious, but secular, puritan, and agnostical (On Skunk Hour). The skunks seem a symbol of humanity, carrying on despite the unnamed malaise, much like the armadillo symbolizes Lowells gesture against cruelty.Here, Lowell identif ies with Bishop Steven Gould Axelrod writes that Lowell personifies that disease . . . and is as isolated and imbalanced as the heiress, as fallen as the ruined millionaire, and as loveless and artistically failed as the decorator (On Skunk Hour). A smack of self-loathing and inner darkness permeates the poem, implying that Lowell sees these in Bishop. However, the skunk at the end will not scare, making its way despite the world around it.These two poems comment on their subjects personal traits and outlooks, using symbols to describe each other. Bishops armadillo, a small, clenched being in the midst of chaos, pays tribute to Lowells antiwar stance, while the Lowells skunk, which moves furtively in its decaying New England setting, acknowledges Bishops sense of despair but also her tenacity and willingness to persevere as both person and artist. REFERENCES Anonymous. On The Armadillo. 2000. forward-looking American Poetry.18 March 2006. . ________. On Skunk Hour. 2000. Modern American Poetry. 18 March 2006. . ________. The Armadillo. 1997. The academy of American Poets. 18 March 2006. . ________. Skunk Hour. 1997. The Academy of American Poets. 18 March 2006. .

Experiment Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Experiment Proposal - Essay ExampleAccording to Barnes, V (2004 P. 23), many clock AD begins towards the age of 60 and the risk goes up as you get older. No treatment puke stop the disease. However, Richmond (2006) says that, some drugs may help keep symptoms from getting worse for a restrict time.This experiment go away be a well-controlled study of Alzheimer patients and entrust take 18 months. Basically, the experiment allow for be aimed at studying the efficacy, effectiveness and efficiency of an experimental drug called Physostigmine in treating Alzheimers disease.The drug appears to grow acetylcholine levels in the brain by cutting back on the effects of an enzyme known as prohibit ACh. It is expected that use of Physostigmine pull up stakes, in the long run, help slow the progress of the disease. The age and the ability to call fluent English will be the independent variables while the cognitive and behavioral change will be the dependent variables.A sample of 100 wi ll be selected from a population of Alzheimers patients who contract been diagnosed and found to be having it. C are will be taken to make sure that all those that are selected to take part in this study well represent the whole population. Further, the gender of the participant will be of importance as males may be preferred as it has been happening in close to cases. Probably, a sample of 50 males and 50 females will be used.All the participants will have their cognitive and behavioral characteristics tested to be aware of their level before the study after which they will undergo three steps each approximated to take six months. The drug, Physostigmine, will be administered to each patient as per prescriptions. After this, the level recogtion and behaviour change will be recorded. This will be compared to the initial results to gibe whether there is any tangible change. This procedure will be repeated for the second time use a different prescription and the same tests as wel l as comparisons carried out. The last stage will follow.

New Technologies and business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

New Technologies and business - taste ExampleThe age of globalization has led to economic reforms and the developing economies have opened the doors to foreign investments. thus the markets in the merging economies have accepted foreign investments that have led to the reassign of in the raw technologies as a result of the foreign direct investment by the developed economies. Due to the increase in investments by the foreign investors, the business identity of the local market has in addition been a point of affection to the policymakers. The economic policies of the local governments have allowed subsidies and incentives in the form of reduced taxes and other allowances in order to get on foreign investments to take place in the domestic markets. This has exposed the domestic markets to foreign competition in terms of technological advancements, quality and pricing. The multinational companies have set up their establishments in the emerge markets. thence the legal construc tion of the boundaries of the sovereign states was crossed and this led to the transfer of mod technologies required to tap the opportunities of the emerging markets in the age of globalization. The new technologies brought about by the multinational companies in several states across the field have created a business identity for themselves in the world tolerant markets. The multinational companies like the International logical argument Machine, Apple Inc, Microsoft, General Motors, Unilever Corporation, Morrison, etc. are from different industries that have brought new technologies in the worldwide markets. The investigate and development wings of these companies have developed the new technologies in accordance to the customized demand of the markets and this has helped them to develop a business identity for themselves. By introducing the new technologies that have fulfilled the market demands and satisfied the customers have helped them to defer the new markets and captur e the market shares. The multi-national business houses that have brought about new technologies in the world wide markets have been able to increase their market capitalization. The new technologies have the businesses to manufacture and sell products to the customers which are of perchance high quality and at the same time cost effective. The air of globalization and the transfer of new technologies across the legal boundaries of sovereign states have led to the development of a brand image and state of grace in the market. This is the mark of the business identity that has been achieved due to the process of globalization and increased consumerism. The advent and transfer of new technologies across the legal and geographical boundaries of states had an impact on the sovereignty of the states and its people. Due to the application of the new technologies in the host countries and the change in the quality, style and pricing of products and services, the taste and lifestyle of th e people also changed. The states witnessed an increase in consumerism and the employment level in the states improved. The increase in the number of job opportunities in the economy of sovereign states led to the rise in income level. With more money in the hands of the population, the

A Study of Human Speech and Language Term Paper

A Study of Human Speech and Language - Term Paper ExampleThe organic evolution of spoken communication and deliverance starts as early as in infancy. Studies show that speech and language education begin in the uterus with the infants recognition of its mothers voice.Lieberman explains that anatomical changes and modifications in the homo vocals for example the increase in length and the lower lying larynx compared to other animals is vista to play a crucial role in the emergence of human speech (2013). These improvements maintain been form to enable humans to produce a wide range of repertoire. However, changes in human genetic theme have been shown to impact aspects related to neurologic system. Neurological aspects that control human motor control major power as well as those that lead to higher cognitive capabilities involved in speech development and language have been shown to be gene-determined.This research aims at investigating factors that influence development o f speech and language in human beings to promote the conclusion that genes are responsible for human beings speech and language development. The research questions areThe world is really being unlocked by advances in engine room and is high end application in science. Voice, language, and speech are the tools used by humans to go across with each other. Additionally, language is a significant and unique system that distinguishes humans from other animals and results to the development of scarper and heritage in normal child in terms of mother tongue inheritance (Dorothea, 2012). However, neediness of sufficient technology and scientific knowledge has seen heated debates emerge over the development of science and language. Proponents have held strongly that human language depends on factors like adequate intelligence and environmental simulation (Mesoudi, Alan, McElligott, and David, 2011). Conversely, opponents held that human speech originated genetically. The result has been tw o perspectives of

Marketing - crises and problems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Marketing - crises and problems - hear ExampleThese factors, which may be supportive or constraining to the afterlife development of the organic law, provide the backcloth against which the future day strategies and plans must be formulated (Bennet, 1996). The model analyses the environment into four aras of focus. It should be used flexibly to contemplate the nature of the relevant country/market environment. This means that for a large corporate, with a significant riddle of operations, it is appropriate to separately map the different environments in which the various parts of the organization operate (Howe, 1986). The facts argon normally identified by the senior management of the business from their personal fellowship and experience. Naturally this assumes that they swallow sufficient background in the environment to generate accurate data. If this experience does not exist impertinent information sources would need to be used to supplement the be knowledge of the bu siness (Aaltonen and Ikavalko 2002). Even where knowledge is strong it is prudent to validate key facts/assumptions and to compare alternative views of the future. The analysis should be used to identifyThe issues that are dominant and are likely to exert the most pressure or form on the future direction and prospects of the corporate. This is often achieved by using H/M/L (High/Medium/Low) categorization of individually factor.Five Forces ModelIndustry mapping is a model that enables the competitive environment in which the organization operates to be analyzed. It was developed by Michael Porter and is often referred to as the Porter 5 Forces model. It helps to identify the effectuality of the competitive forces that impact on the industry (Kotler and Armstrong 2005). Environmental Mapping examined more generally the wider commercial context bear on all industries, this approach is focused on the specific industry in which the organization operates. Competition among existing f irms - this is the natural competitive rivalry which exists between the various businesses operating within the industry marketplace (Bennet, 1996). terror of new entrants - this is the potential likelihood of, and ease of, entry for new firms into the market. An example would be the entry of Nipponese contractors into the UK construction market. Threat of substitute products or services - this is where a product or service, perhaps produced by a different technology, enters the market. An example would be the entry of compact discs into the audiotape/record market - providing the same product, music, by means of a different technology. Bargaining power of suppliers - this examines the race between businesses in the industry and the suppliers to those businesses. Where suppliers have a unique or restricted availability product they can exert a strong influence over prices and conditions of supply, therefore potentially putting pressures on the businesses purchasing their produc t/services. Bargaining power of buyers - this examines the relationship between businesses in the industry and the customers of those businesses. The purpose is to identify the relative strength of the business in the customer relationship (Bowman 1998 Porter, 1980, Appendix