Cyber Security Threats And Crimes - 1279 Words

Cyber security threats/crimes Before people even knew you could do so much with computers and internet beside common work activity before it got popular and admired, criminals had to get a lot more personal when retrieving their personal information like dig through trash, steal or break into their mailboxes, are buy it from a somebody who sold other people identity was some of the way criminal got people personal information. Now many of people around the world keep all of their information online and criminal have quickly figure out a way to seal people information and identities without ever living there house. Cybercrime is one of the fast-growing areas of crime we are facing right now. More criminal’s everyday are taking advantage of the convenience and preying on people use of the Internet to commit a series of criminal activities that has no boundaries physical or virtual. Attacks against computer hardware and software, for example, malware and network intrusion; Financial crimes and corruption, such as online fraud, phishing; are some ways these criminal use to get your personal information.. The major annoyance and risk for the internet community has to be hacker and spammers. The toughest security measures have not been able to enclose these criminals. Such as, social sites like Facebook, twitter and Myspace are candy land for hackers in 2008 and 2014. However the targets for 2015 will probably be alteredShow MoreRelatedShould Government Implement Laws For Cyber Crime?977 Words   |  4 PagesGovernment implement laws to prevent cyber crime† Today is the era of technology and globalisation, as it connects the whole world together but also opens new ways to crime. Cyber crime is the result of negative use of technology. Cyber crime refers to a crime which is committed through internet or computer. Cyber crime is of differenr types like stealing of money or information, piracy, electronic vendalism that is destroying or changing the electronic information. Cyber terrorism which threatens not onlyRead MoreCyber Security Is A Growing Concern For Governments Around The World1296 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal Cooperation for Cyber Security Cyber Security is a growing concern for governments around the world. Cyber-attacks pose a direct threat to the security of the nations’ critical infrastructures and Information Technologies (IT) as a low-cost asymmetric warfare element. Most of these nations are aware of the vulnerability of the information technologies and the significance of protecting critical infrastructures. To counteract the threat of potentially disastrous cyber-attacks, nations’ policyRead MoreEssay on Cyber Crime and National Security1000 Words   |  4 PagesEssay on Cyber Crime And National Security When we talk about national security, we talk about the security of over one billion people and sovereignty of a country that is culturally rich, politically stable, socially compact and economically emerging. The worst victim of terrorism and naxalism India and its national security has been threatened recently by cyber crime. They concept of cyber crime is not radically different from the concept of conventional crime. Cyber crime is the latest andRead MoreThe Internet And Its Effects On The Environment1538 Words   |  7 Pagesof the nature of threats from physical to virtual dimensions has created a major shift in the development of strategies by the government around the world to meet the new challenges. In 2010, the Canadian government has published â€Å"Canada s cyber security strategy: For a stronger and more prosperous Canada†, a strategic platform to secure the Canadian cyberspace. However, although embracing cyber technology and obtain considerable advantages from it, the Canadian cyber security strategy does notRead MorePolicing Cybercrime : Police And Armed Forces1174 Words   |  5 Pagespolicing cyber strategy is discussed and will show that the unique organisational structure of the UK police force means that policing cyber strategy varies from county to county in the UK; although each regional force operated with the same objective. Within the UK strategy is the criminalisation of certain cyber activity . with Cyber Security Strategies containing elements of cybercrime control, therefore a Criminal Justice rationale which connects it to the broader spectrum of crime preventionRead MoreEssay about CyberCrime and Terrorism1088 Words   |  5 Pagessteady increase in the amount of cyber crime committed. Technology is a constantly changing entity, constantly evolving, always progressing. Naturally this can make it hard to stay on top of things. In turn, la w enforcement runs into various issues regarding cyber crime and cyber terrorism. Cyber crime and terrorism is so complex of a crime that it can be hard to break down the barriers that can lead to justifying the action. Major issues that are prominent in cyber crime and terrorism are that laws varyRead MoreCyber Threat, Its Scope And Its Impact On National Security991 Words   |  4 Pageslives. It has become an ideal source for cyber criminals to remain active while preying on victims. Higher the number of cyberspace users’, higher is the opportunities for exploitation. So it is the need of the hour to protect our computers, networks, digital applications and our data from unintended or unauthorized source, change or destruction. This paper proposes a policy directed examination on cyber threat, its scope and its impact on national security. It includes a profile of cooperation amongRead MoreCyber Security : Armed Forces Sub Unified Command Of America1076 Words   |  5 PagesCYBER SECURITY RESERVES Unite state cyber reserve is armed forces sub-unified commands / commanded aiding Strategic Command of America . This command is stuated in Maryland , its supposed to ensures that all cyberspace operations are centralized , Its also responsible for the organization of available cyber resources and synchronizes defense of united states military networks . (Protect your workplace , report any abnormal behavior , activity , and cyber incidents . (2006 ) [Washington , D . CRead MoreCyber Crime As A Key Risk For Regulated Firm1504 Words   |  7 Pages Cyber-crime as a key risk for regulated firm Delegate ID number : 3733017 November 2014 The term cyber-crime describes criminal activity involving computer and internet in committing a crime. Generally it can be divided to two manners: It can target the machine itself, where the purpose of crime would be to gain access to important data stored on the machine, which could be used to obtain gain. It can also use the machine as a tool to commit other type of crime in more traditional understandingRead MoreThe Prospect And Challenges Of Cyber Security Insurance922 Words   |  4 Pages2.0 Introduction This chapter presents the prospect and challenges of cyber security insurance among It practitioners in the United Kingdom based on the literature that had been reviewed in the process of writing this paper. This chapter will draw upon results of earlier studies and reports to provide a theoretical framework to answer the research questions of the paper. 2.1. Cyber security and its importance to the modern lives In line with technological advances and the evolution of the internet

A Brief Note On Image Based Qa On The Video And Audio...

C. Image Based QA: An image-based QA approach was introduced in [11], which mainly focuses on finding information about physical objects. An image-based QA system allows direct use of an image that refers to the object. This type of systems was designed to find multimedia answers from web-scale media resources such as Flicker, Google images. D. Multimedia QA Search: Due to the increasing amount of digital information stored over the web, searching for desired information has become an essential task. The research in this area started from the early 1980s. With the rapid growth of content analysis technology in the 1990s, these efforts rapidly expanded to tackle the video and audio retrieval problems. Fig. 3 shows an example of MMQA. Fig 3:†¦show more content†¦Li and Roth [12] developed a machine learning approach that uses the SNoW learning architecture to classify questions into five coarse classes and 50 finer classes. They used lexical and syntactic features such as partof- speech tags, chunks and head chunks together with two semantic features to represent the questions. Zhang and Lee [13] used linear SVMs with all possible question word grams to perform question classification. Arguello et al. [14] investigated medium type selection as well as search sources for a query. It analyzes question, answer, and multimedia search performance. Then learn a linear SVM model for classification based on the results. 1.1 Question-Based Classification: Since many questions contain multiple sentences and some of the sentences are uninformative. The classification is accomplished with two steps. First, we categorize questions based on interrogatives second, for the rest questions; we perform a classification using a naive Bayes classifier. Table I Representative interrogative words 1.2 Answer-Based Classification: Apart from questions, answer can also be an important clue. For answer classification bigram text features and verbs are extracted. With the help of verb it will be easy to judge whether the answer can be related with video content.Intuitively, if a textual answer contains many complex verbs, it is more likely to describe a dynamic process and thus it has high probability to be well answered by videos. Therefore, verb can

Political Attitudes and Democracy System †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Political Attitudes and Democracy System. Answer: Introduction: The report talks about the political system of the United Kingdom. It tells that how political risks affect the parliament and legislative of the country. The political system of United Kingdom is a multiple party system. The two largest political participation of the parties have been the Labor Party and the Conservative Party. The UK has a democratic parliament. It has a constitutional monarchy within it. The head of state is called as a king or queen and the head of government is known as the Prime Minister (Sundquist, 2011). The Members of Parliament are the one who stands in the elections in order to get the seat in parliament, through the voting system where votes are given by the citizens of the country. There is not even a single constitution written in the political books of United Kingdom. Constitution refers to the set of rules set by the government. The constitutions are written not on a formal document but it is designed in various sources consisting statute law, case la w made by the judges and laws made by international treaties (Wren, 2013). Politics in the United Kingdom has made its existence by forming a constitutional monarchy; it states that the supreme power of making decisions for the state is given to the monarch. The Prime Minister of this constitutional monarchy is considered as the head of government. The UKs cabinet is an official model which consist senior government ministers that are chosen by the prime minister. The title given to the members of government is Secretary of State. There are two chambers where the powers of legislative assembly are vested. They are considerably known as House of Lords and House of Commons. The judicial party is an independent entity of the execution and legislation. Supreme Court is the highest court of the country. The formal members of United Kingdom sit together in the cabinet of these two houses of parliament of UK. The parliament democracy of UK states that the members of the government are also the members of any one house among the two. The House of Lords has three ty pes of members, Bishops from the Church of England, nobility knew as British honors system and Law Lords considerably known as Judges. The members of House of Lords are not elected nor appointed as advised by the Prime Minister. It is the decision of the Queen itself. The House of Commons members are elected democratically. They form a different political party. The elections of the United Kingdom for such parties are held within a tenure of every 5 years. This rule although is not met much. (Castells and Kumar, 2014). The government of UK has direct accountability and it is easily answerable to the people. The power is given to the party who governs for that time because the majority of members are present in the House of Commons. The unitary system of government in the UK is a system where the major power is put in the center. The civil services of UK act in an impartial manner and are not changed with the changing of government. The work of civil servants is to serve the governme nt ministers of the day (Semetko, Blumler, Gurevitch, Weaver and Barkin, 2013). This means civil servants will also work for the other opposing parties after the rule of the current party gets over. Each political party of UK parliament or assembly has elected political party. There are many ministers in the government of the United Kingdom exclusively known as ministry of Defense. These are controlled by the state secretary and cabinet members (Favell, 2016). They are also supported by the junior ministers. In the United Kingdom, the center of the system of politics is the parliament. It is responsible for making the decisions and framing the rules and regulations. The UK Parliament follows the motto of sovereign parliament which states that the legislative body of parliament has absolute sovereignty. It stands supreme than all the other government bodies. This is the reason why there is no single constitution written. It goes opposite to the judiciary (Almond and Verba, 2015). The United Kingdom functions within the country by following all the norms and discipline. The members of the parliament are selected by the citizens of the country by giving votes in elections. They have the freedom to vote whoever they wish to. There is no compulsion put on them as it is considered as an illegal activity. The citizens have right to choose their type of government. Parties cannot force them to give votes. This shows the country follows the democratic rights given to them. The results of the elections are completely unbiased and the representative is selected from the majority. The UK Parliament in London is the spirit and mind of the political system in Britain and it is the legislative body for the British and the UK in a foreign country. References Almond, G.A. and Verba, S., 2015.The civic culture: Political attitudes and democracy in five nations. Princeton university press. Castells, M. and Kumar, M., 2014. A Conversation with Manuel Castells.Berkeley Planning Journal,27(1). Favell, A., 2016.Philosophies of integration: Immigration and the idea of citizenship in France and Britain. Springer. Semetko, H.A., Blumler, J.G., Gurevitch, M., Weaver, D.H. and Barkin, S., 2013.The formation of campaign agendas: A comparative analysis of party and media roles in recent American and British elections. Routledge. Sundquist, J.L., 2011.Dynamics of the party system: Alignment and realignment of political parties in the United States. Brookings Institution Press. Wren, A. ed., 2013.The political economy of the service transition. Oxford University Press.

Who Should Pay

Introduction Medicare should pay for the cost of the new cancer drugs. In this respect, the new healthcare act should ensure that cancer patients without health insurance also have a chance to access new cancer drugs. Through Medicare reimbursement policy, the government is to ensure proper management of the healthcare budget (Benson, 2001). Medicaid policies are integral in ensuring that healthcare policies are properly managed, and doctors do not inflate the cost of cancer drugs.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Who Should Pay? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Who should pay? Therefore, government initiatives through Medicare should play a critical role in subsidizing the cost of the new cancer drugs. Currently, people with medical insurance are accessing the new cancer drugs at a high cost. On the other hand, private healthcare insurers are discriminating against covering unemployed individuals. It is impo rtant to acknowledge that cancer is prevalent across the social ranks in the American society. Therefore, it would be ignorant not to allow the poor people an access to new cancer drugs. Current policies Medicare agrees to reimburse doctors on merits of drugs performance (Benson, 2001). It is important for Medicare to evaluate doctors’ role in drug pricing. This means that combined taskforce of members from drug manufacturers, doctors and Medicare officials should be included in determining the price and value of the new cancer drugs. In the mean time, generic cancer drugs should be made accessible to cancer patients, who cannot afford new cancer drugs. This will create a combined force between Medicare and private healthcare insurers in covering for cancer related expenditures. Medicaid role in preventing fraud in cancer drugs pricing should be initialized following the emergence of the new and expensive cancer drugs. A survey on health care spending in the year 2005 reveale d that pharmacists and doctors are susceptible to inflating the cost of healthcare (Catlin, Cowan, Heffler Washington, 2007). The aspect of corruption in healthcare is not alien in the United States. However, cost control initiatives can be used to ensure that healthcare budgeting within states is monitored closely. Reform on healthcare policies that focuses on diseases like cancer can be crucial in ensuring that every person benefits from new and effective drugs. This means that the government through Medicare and Medicaid can reduce its expenditure on some hospital services. There are healthcare services that can be supplemented by home care services. The improvising of home nursing and home care services can be critical in ensuring that a priority is shifted to cancer treatment. A need to have a consumer-directed approach in offering cancer treatment to patients is necessary. In this regard, the government through Medicaid should establish a standardized national format that ens ures hospitals charge-masters are not overrated (Reinhardt, 2006).Advertising Looking for term paper on health law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, cancer patients who do not have Medicare covered cannot be discriminated from exorbitant cancer drug costs. Moreover, the new standard national format on charge-masters should recommend all hospitals to make their charge-masters public. This will educate patients about healthcare policies and cost of healthcare. Government role The government role in ensuring that access to new drugs is not conducted with discrimination is imminent. In this respect, the government engagement with the non-profit community hospitals is critical in reducing hospital expenditures (Shi Singh, 2004). Non-profit community hospitals and their medical staff may not require reimbursement for services rendered (Shi Singh, 2004). This reduces healthcare cost, as well as increases the access of non insured cancer patients to new cancer drugs. Non-profit community hospitals are critical in offering discounts for health conditions like cancer. Nonetheless, the current pricing of cancer drugs is unreasonable and must be addressed immediately. In fact, some oncologists are already expressing their discomfort with American doctors’ decisions to increase the cost of cancer drugs (Berenson, 2005). In conclusion, Medicare should be paid for the cost of the new cancer drugs. All cancer patients have a right to receive the new cancer drugs irrespective of their healthcare insurance coverage. Therefore, the government should play a critical role in ensuring that Medicare, Medicaid, non-profit community hospitals and private health insurers help cancer patients in paying for new cancer drugs. References Benson, L. R. (2001). Reimbursing cancer care: Medicare policies challenged. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 93(21), 1595-1597. Berenson, A. (2005). Cancer drugs offer ho pe, but at huge expense. The New York Times, A1-C3. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/12/business/cancer-drugs-offer-hope-butat-a-huge-expense.html Catlin, A., Cowan, C., Heffler, S., Washington, B. (2007). National health spending in 2005: the slowdown continues. Health Affairs, 26(1), 142-153.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Who Should Pay? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Reinhardt, U. E. (2006). The pricing of US hospital services: chaos behind a veil of secrecy. Health Affairs, 25(1), 57-69. Shi, L., Singh, D. A. (2004). Delivering health care in America. Burlington, Massachusetts: Jones Bartlett Publishers. This term paper on Who Should Pay? was written and submitted by user Renata Bridges to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Effect of Organizational Climate on Employee Motiv Essays

Effect of Organizational Climate on Employee Motiv Essays Effect of Organizational Climate on Employee Motivation and Organizational commitment in Pakistan Research based Thesis 8/16/2014 Institute of Business Management Submitted to: Sir Ashraf Janjua Prepared by: Sameen Salman ID: 9929 Subject: Seminar in Economic Policy Executive Summary Organizations have become very different then what they were previously. The systems, processes have changed and an individual is well aware of his or her interests and demands. This creates a lot of challenges for the organization to continuously evolve their systems and keep their eyes peeled for upcoming changes and find out new ways to deal with these challenges . Previously, organizational climate was just a concept whose application was limited but that's not the case today and this concept has evolved a lot and its importance has increased immensely. Now this concept is in a position to impact other factors on the job which make up the organization. This paper researches on the possibility of organizational climate to have impacts on motivation and commitment of employees working in any organization. Sufficient literatures regarding its concepts have been pondered over in this paper. Data has been collected specifically from those individuals who have minimum one year experience in any corporate field in management of a company. Further analysis is carried out using questionnaire which comprises of questions aimed at identifying the importance of climate and its effects on motivation and commitment level of employees. The findings of the questionnaires are further analyzed by help of different theories. The analysis came to discover that there is direct relationship between these three factors. Meaning that organizational climate directly influences motivation and commitment of employees. Negative organizational climate will have negative impacts on these two and positive organizational climate will have positive effects. There were some limitations in the study which were delayed responses of the targeted audience because target respondents were all working professionals and were busy In their work and the other limitation being short time. However, the study was completed within the time frame developed and was successful in studying the cause it set out to. Contents TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u Executive Summary PAGEREF _Toc395836959 \h 1 Introduction to the topic: PAGEREF _Toc395836960 \h 3 Literature Review PAGEREF _Toc395836961 \h 4 Organizational Climate PAGEREF _Toc395836962 \h 4 Motivation PAGEREF _Toc395836963 \h 6 Motivation Theories: PAGEREF _Toc395836964 \h 7 Organizational Commitment PAGEREF _Toc395836965 \h 10 Significance of the study: PAGEREF _Toc395836966 \h 11 Hypothesis: PAGEREF _Toc395836967 \h 12 Variables: PAGEREF _Toc395836968 \h 12 Research Objectives PAGEREF _Toc395836969 \h 12 Research Questions PAGEREF _Toc395836970 \h 13 Research Design: PAGEREF _Toc395836971 \h 13 Methodology: PAGEREF _Toc395836972 \h 13 Data Collection Method: PAGEREF _Toc395836973 \h 13 Sources of Data PAGEREF _Toc395836974 \h 13 Sample Size PAGEREF _Toc395836975 \h 13 Statistical Tool PAGEREF _Toc395836976 \h 13 Research Findings PAGEREF _Toc395836977 \h 14 Analysis: PAGEREF _Toc395836978 \h 24 Conclusion and Recommendations: PAGEREF _Toc395836979 \h 25 Limitations: PAGEREF _Toc395836980 \h 26 Appendix: PAGEREF _Toc395836981 \h 27 Bibliography PAGEREF _Toc395836982 \h 27 Questionnaire used: PAGEREF _Toc395836983 \h 29 Introduction to the topic: Organizations are more concerned about maintaining an effective organizational climate now because of fast growth and competition. It can be made a competitive advantage of the company. There has been a lot of research on the topic of organizational climate and its impacts. The earliest researches can be tracked back to 1930s. Organizational climate is synonymous with corporate environment . It is the direction to measure the culture of an organization . It comprises of many components which shape up the environment both directly and indirectly influencing employee attitudes and behavior. Researchers suggest that organizational culture is very closely related to organizational climate. Early researches such as Hawthorn studies were one of the pioneers in this topic. The main aim or objective of the research was to study the effect of environment or surroundings of employees and also to study the effect of different variables on their behaviors. Thus a concept of organizational climate came into being. CITATION KSe14 \l 1033 (K.Selvarajan, 2014) Organization Climate has a rich history and implementations in both industrial and organizational set ups. Kurt Lewin was one the first researcher who studies about this concept and presented an argument that behavior is a product of an individual and the environment surrounding him or her. Organizational climate studies took the stage in late 1970s and the focus was to

Profile of Carlos the Jackal

Profile of Carlos the Jackal Named Ilich as a paeon to Lenin (whose full name was Vladimir Ilyich Lenin) by his Marxist father, Ramirez was later known as Carlos the Jackal. His nickname came in part from the novel, The Day of the Jackal, a thriller once found by authorities among his belongings. Background Born in 1949 in Caracas, Venezuela, where he was raised. He was also schooled in England and attended university in Moscow. After his expulsion from the university in 1970, he joined the Palestinian Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP), a pan-Arab leftist group then based in Amman, Jordan. Claim to Notoriety Ramirez most famous terrorist move was the takeover of OPEC headquarters in Vienna at a 1975 Conference, where he also took 11 members hostage. The hostages were eventually transported to Algiers and freed. Although later debunked, assumptions that Ramirez had a hand in killing two of the Israeli athletes taken hostage at the 1972 Olympic Games in Munich added to his reputation as a ruthless and effective terrorist. Indeed, many of Ramirez feats had murky origins and unclear goals and sponsors- which also gave the self-proclaimed terrorist a mysterious glamour. A 1994 review of David Yallops Tracking the Jackal: The Search for Carlos, the Worlds Most Wanted Man suggests that the OPEC kidnappings may have been sponsored by Saddam Hussein, rather than by the PFLP, as has been suggested, or by Libyan leader Muammar Al Qaddafi: Although it has long been thought that the armed attack on a Vienna meeting of the oil cartel and the kidnapping of 11 of the oil ministers were conceived and paid for by Col. Muammar el-Qaddafi, the book makes a persuasive case that behind it was actually Saddam Hussein, seeking an increase in the price of oil to finance his impending war with Iran. Mr. Hussein intended Carlos to use the kidnapping as a pretext to assassinate the Saudi opponents of a price rise, Mr. Yallop says, but the unreliable Carlos sold out his employer, as he so often did, and instead took a $20 million ransom from the Saudi Government (the hostages were in fact released). Where He Is Now The Jackal was arrested by the French in 1994, in Sudan where he was living. He was convicted for several murders in 1997 and as of 2017 is still in prison. Cross-Links Ramirez has expressed admiration for Osama bin Laden from prison, and more broadly for Revolutionary Islam, which is the title of a 2003 book he published from prison. In it, the jailed terrorist showed shades of his lifelong affiliation with leftist secular groups whose vision of conflict is shaped by class differences describing Islam as the sole transnational force capable of standing up the enslavement of nations.

The Culture of Laos Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Culture of Laos - Essay Example Culture First of all, religious belief plays a decisive role within the scenario of Lao culture. To be specific, one can easily identify the influence of Buddhism in the culture of Laos. John Holt opines that, â€Å"When writing about Lao culture, however, one also has to take into account that most of the â€Å"ethnic Lao† population, and therefore Lao Buddhism and religious culture, actually resides outside of the current political boundaries of Laos† (9). At the same time, the different elements of culture, like art and literature, are deeply influenced by Theravada Buddhism. Besides, South East Asian conventional way of life still prevails in Laos and the same influence their cultural aspects. The influence of traditional way of life is evident in their food habits. For instance, rice is generally considered as an important food grain in Laos. The people of Laos connect their food habits with their culture because the same is related to their daily life. Physical location One can see that this nation is located within the South Eastern side of Asia. Lydia Laube states that, â€Å"Laos is a landlocked country of 236,800 square kilometres† (1). Some of the important nations in this region share their borders with this nation. To be specific, Laos shares its border with China, an important nation in this area. At the same time, Laos shares her boundary with Burma, a less dominant nation in this area. ... This nation is well known for its conservative measures that protect its natural vegetation. Still, opium production in the border areas is an important problem to be dealt with utmost importance. Population The present population of this nation is above 6 million. One must not misunderstand that most of the people live in big cities. Instead, most of the people live in the valley areas, especially within the banks of the most important river system in Laos, i.e. the River Mekong. Even the capital city (say, named as Vientiane prefecture) of this nation does not face population explosion because its population is below 800000. So one can see that population explosion is not an imminent threat for the people of Laos. Still, this low population is an advantage to the nation because this nation possesses the youngest population in the Asian continent. Religious beliefs The most important religious belief in this nation is Buddhism, especially Theravada Buddhism. To be specific, around 7 0% of the people believe in Theravada Buddhism. Besides, Christianity is less influential among the people in this nation. Still, the core aspects of Hinduism indirectly influence their beliefs because Buddhism originated from this religion. Besides, some people in this nation practice Animism, i.e., the belief that provides importance to the natural phenomena. On the other side, the constitution ensures religious freedom to the citizens. But the Communist/Socialist government provides less importance to religious practices in public. Ethnic groups One among the important ethnic groups in this nation is Lao Loum, who lives in the lowland region. To be specific, this ethnic group gained political and intellectual importance in the society. The origin of this ethnic group is

Immigration Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Immigration - Research Paper Example It is used to describe certain phenomena that are a common place in the societies. It has been described as ‘the expression of individual social life and thought through language’ (Mangaraj, para.1). Literature then becomes an important tool through which critics in a society can express their criticism on a given social issue. This field of art is important because it touches the lives of individuals, speaks to the individuals, and has universal applications (Lombardi, para.4). Whether one uses poems, drama, narrative tales, and many other genres of literature, the artist always reflects on some life story that has occurred or is likely to be witnessed. Literature and Immigration Immigration refers to the migration of individuals into a given country to be come residents of the country. Several reasons can make individuals to leave their native country to travel to foreign countries. Political upheavals, poor social set-ups, and unfavorable economic conditions are among the major factors that can force an individual out of his native country into a foreign country. This movement of individuals into another country also has challenges for the immigrants. The individuals are forced to adopt the culture of the natives of this destination country. Moreover, the immigrants are often likely to be subject of prejudice and may not enjoy all the fundamental human rights while in the foreign state. Literature has been used to tell of the ugly scenarios that immigrants encounter while in the foreign countries. While they flee their native countries to seek better life (socially, politically, or economically), the immigrants often get other barriers to their anticipated fruitful life. They suffer the consequences of the nearly cut link with their family members back at home. Besides, to minimize the level of prejudice on their children, the immigrants assimilate the children into the foreign culture. One of the literary works that express the challenges of im migration is â€Å"Under the Same Moon,† a movie by Kate Del Castillo. This gives insight into the problems encountered by young children left behind by their parents who have migrated into the US to look for jobs to support their families. Another literary work is a poem â€Å"Immigrants† by Pat Mora. In the poem, Mora describes how the immigrants are obliged to have their children grow completely in the foreign culture so that they can be accepted in the society. Under the Same Moon Under the same Moon is a Mexican-American movie that features a nine-year old Mexican moppet who has been separated from his mother since he was five. In order to provide a better life for her son, the mother, Rosario, migrated illegally to the United States from Mexico. Looking for employment is one of the many reasons that see several immigrants into the United States. Rosario gets a job as a domestic worker in Los Angeles while the nine-year old Carlitos stays with his ageing and ailin g grandmother who eventually passes away (The Internet Movie Database, para.1). Even though they are separated, the mother and son have tried to keep in touch. Rosario and Carlitos have been communicating through phone, his mother using the same pay phone every week (Catsoulis, para.2). This would later enable the boy to locate his mother in Los Angeles. After the death of his grandmother,

Science conclusion Essay Example for Free

Science conclusion Essay In conclusion, our results matched our hypothesis, because since we observed the flow rate measurements from lowest to highest, as the molasses would be the most viscous liquid, with the lowest amount of flow rate, and water being the least vicious with the greatest amount of flow rate. Again as clarified our results match the conclusion because our hypothesis states that the fluids with a higher flow rate are less are less dense and the particles have a weaker attraction than in the fluids with a higher attraction of particles and higher density, with the exception of water, which the solid form is less dense. As explained earlier generally the higher the flow rate, the lower the flow ability of the material. As my hypothesis was resulted in being right for this lab, throughout my observation and results, because as my trials resulted that corn syrup would be the lowest flow rate with trial one stating 41.23 seconds as the flow rate, trail 2 stating 34.87 seconds as the flow rate, and trial three stating 29.96 seconds as the flow rate. So the average flow rate for corn syrup is 0.33cm/s. To explain furthermore, following, corn syrup being the least flow rate, molasses would be next with a average flow rate of 0.84cm/s, laundry detergent oil being the average flow rate of 2.28cm/s, dish soap being the average flow rate of 3.38cm/s, maple syrup being the average flow rate of 8.56cm/s, corn oil being the average flow rate of 8.89cm/s, vinegar being the average flow rate of 12.05cm/s, and finally water being the average flow rate of 12.5cm/s, and with trials 1.04 seconds, 0.93 seconds, and 1.03 seconds. As we can also see in our observations, most liquids flow rates change after each trial as the seconds being deducted each trial, with the exception of water and vinegar. The sources of error, as we did the science lab, are the errors arising from the final measurement, of the amount of liquid in centimeters, the final calculation, that could have taken effect for the liquids, when recording the measurements, and finally the temperature in the room, that might have affected the trials and the average flow rate, resulting to my final calculation. If we were to do this lab again, we could have tried this with a different temperature in the room, to get the results and see if it matches the first experiment, we could try other fluids/liquids and record the trials and the average flow rate, and record my results differently, and use a other graph. If companies or industries were to use this experiment.

Black Panther Party :: essays research papers

Rules of the Black Panther Party Every member of the Black Panther Party throughout this country of racist America must abide by these rules as functional members of this party. Central Committee members, Central Staffs, and Local Staffs, including all captains subordinated to either national, state, and local leadership of the Black Panther Party will enforce these rules. Length of suspension or other disciplinary action necessary for violation of these rules will depend on national decisions by national, state or state area, and local committees and staffs where said rule or rules of the Black Panther Party were violated. Every member of the party must know these verbatim by heart. And apply them daily. Each member must report any violation of these rules to their leadership or they are counter-revolutionary and are also subjected to suspension by the Black Panther Party. The rules are: 1. No party member can have narcotics or weed in his possession while doing party work. 2. Any part member found shooting narcotics will be expelled from this party. 3. No party member can be drunk while doing daily party work. 4. No party member will violate rules relating to office work, general meetings of the Black Panther Party, and meetings of the Black Panther Party anywhere. 5. No party member will use, point, or fire a weapon of any kind unnecessarily or accidentally at anyone. 6. No party member can join any other army force, other than the Black Liberation Army. 7. No party member can have a weapon in his possession while drunk or loaded off narcotics or weed. 8. No party member will commit any crimes against other party members or black people at all, and cannot steal or take from the people, not even a needle or a piece of thread. 9. When arrested Black Panther members will give only name, address, and will sign nothing. Legal first aid must be understood by all Party members. 10. The Ten-Point Program and platform of the Black Panther Party must be known and understood by each Party member. 11. Party Communications must be National and Local. 12. The 10-10-10-program should be known by all members and also understood by all members. 13. All Finance officers will operate under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Finance. 14. Each person will submit a report of daily work. 15. Each Sub-Section Leaders, Section Leaders, and Lieutenants, Captains must submit Daily reports of work. 16. All Panthers must learn to operate and service weapons correctly.

my SWOT Essay

Brochure More information from http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/641109/ London Biscuits BHD Description: Quantitative analyses of financial statements (Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Sources of Capital), extensive ratio tables (Accounting, Asset Utilization, Employee Efficiency, Fixed Charges Coverage, Leverage Analysis, Liquidity Analysis, Per-share Data and Profitability Analysis) and proprietary Wright Quality Rating analyses tables. The Wright Quality Rating, a measure of corporate risk, examines the liquidity of the stock, financial strength, profitability and corporate growth characteristics of London Biscuits BHD. There is a textual review of the financial results of London Biscuits BHD versus Cocoaland Holdings Bhd, Apollo Food Holdings Berhad and Teck Guan Perdana Berhad. The comparative analysis of these companies compares Sales (sales, sales growth and sales per employee), Company Valuations (Price/Earnings, Price/Book, Price/Sales and 52-Week Price Change) and Financial Position (Long-term Debt/Equity). Also included for London Biscuits BHD are the Company Description, Recent Stock Performance, Profitability Analysis, Dividend Analysis, and Key Data Items (Ticker, Major Industry, Sub-Industry, Fiscal Year End Month, Employees, Share Type, Market Capitalization, Total Shares Outstanding and Number of Closely Held Shares.) Additional research for London Biscuits BHDincludes tables with up to 10-years of history of computed ratios, sales, earnings, and security prices. Contents: This product typically includes the following sections: Company Fundamentals – Company Profile – Comparative Business Analysis – Summary Analysis per Share – Sales Analysis – Price Analysis – Earnings and Dividends Analysis Financial Statement Analyses – Balance Sheet – Common Size – Balance Sheet – Year-Year Percent Change – Balance Sheet – Five-Year Averages- Income Statement – Common Size – Income Statement – Year-Year Percent Change – Income Statement – Five-Year Averages- Sources of Capital Financial Ratio Analyses – Accounting Ratios— Asset Utilization— Employee Efficiency– Fixed Charges Coverage – Leverage Analysis – Liquidity Analysis— Per-Share Data – Profitability Analysis Wright Quality Rating Analyses – Investment Acceptance – Financial Strength – Profitability and Stability – Corporate Growth Notes: – Report is included when there are five or more years of data history. — Report is included when employee counts are available. —These reports are not produced for Financial Companies. Ordering: Order Online – http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/641109/ Order by Fax – using the form below Order by Post – print the order form below and send to Research and Markets, Guinness Centre, Taylors Lane, Dublin 8, Ireland. Page 1 of 2 Fax Order Form To place an order via fax simply print this form, fill in the information below and fax the completed form to 646-607-1907 (from USA) or +353-1-481-1716 (from Rest of World). If you have any questions please visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/contact/ Order Information Please verify that the product information is correct. Product Name: London Biscuits BHD Web Address: http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/641109/ Office Code: OC8DIPRONORURY Product Format Please select the product format and quantity you require: Quantity Electronic (PDF) Single User: â‚ ¬75 Contact Information Please enter all the information below in BLOCK CAPITALS Title: First Name: Mr Mrs Dr Miss Last Name: Email Address: * Job Title: Organisation: Address: City: Postal / Zip Code: Country: Phone Number: Fax Number: * Please refrain from using free email accounts when ordering (e.g. Yahoo, Hotmail, AOL) Ms Prof Page 2 of 2 Payment Information Please indicate the payment method you would like to use by selecting the appropriate box. Pay by credit card: American Express Diners Club Master Card Visa Cardholder’s Name Cardholder’s Signature Expiry Date Card Number CVV Number Issue Date (for Diners Club only) Pay by check: Please post the check, accompanied by this form, to: Research and Markets, Guinness Center, Taylors Lane, Dublin 8, Ireland. Pay by wire transfer: Please transfer funds to: Account number 833 130 83 Sort code 98-53-30 Swift code ULSBIE2D IBAN number IE78ULSB98533083313083 Bank Address Ulster Bank, 27-35 Main Street, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, Ireland. If you have a Marketing Code please enter it below: Marketing Code: Please note that by ordering from Research and Markets you are agreeing to our Terms and Conditions at http://www.researchandmarkets.com/info/terms.asp Please fax this form to: (646) 607-1907 or (646) 964-6609 – From USA +353-1-481-1716 or +353-1-653-1571 – From Rest of World

Following Simple Instructions

This is a ten thousand word (military related) essay on the importance to follow simple instructions, the importance of non commissioned officers in the military, and why it is important to follow leadership whether u are in the military or another form of work in which u are under a form of leadership. I am writing this specific ten thousand word essay because i did not complete another ten thousand word essay in the certain amount of time i was given, over leave, that was assigned to me by my non commissioned officer. Unfortunately for the army, i am not the only one who has disobeyed his non commissioned officer in some way or another. Many privates, specialists and even non commissioned and commissioned officers have disobeyed their superior officers in some way or another. their superior officers could have ignored this transgression, they might have given them a non punitive punishment or they might have even resorted to the Uniform Code of Military Justice. Thus subjecting them to the appropriate punishments, such as article 15, article 91, article 92, or even others that could be much more harmful or possibly less harmful to that private's, specialist's, non commissioned officers' or commissioned officers' payroll, family, free time or even his own freedom by sending him to a federal prison, such as Fort Levinworth. Here is one such non punitive action, an essay that maintains the title â€Å"Essay on Obeyeing a Lawful Order From An NCO†, done by another, i believe to be, private; â€Å"This is a 2000 word essay on the importance of obeying a lawful order from an NCO. The reason for me to be writing this essay is because I disobeyed a direct order from a senior NCO, I was told to move into the barracks by Sunday and I completely ignored this order and went along doing my own thing. It is extremely important to obey an NCO because if you don’t the consequences will be bad in doing so you are violating article 91 and article 92. The following is the elements of article 91 (1) Striking or assaulting warrant, noncommissioned, or petty officer. (a) That the accused was a warrant officer or enlisted member; (b) That the accused struck or assaulted a certain warrant, noncommissioned, or petty fficer; (c) That the striking or assault was committed while the victim was in the execution of office; and (d) That the accused then knew that the person struck or assaulted was a warrant, noncommissioned, or petty officer. Note: If the victim was the superior noncommissioned or petty officer of the accused, add the following elements (e) That the victim was the superior noncommissioned, or petty officer of the accused; and (f) That the accused then knew that the person struck or assaulted was the accuser’s superior non-commissioned, or petty officer. 2) Disobeying a warrant, noncommissioned, or petty officer. (a) That the accused was a warrant officer or enlisted member; (b) That the accused received a certain lawful order from a certain warrant, noncommissioned, or petty officer; (c) That the accused then knew that the person giving the order was a warrant, noncommissioned, or petty officer; (d) That the accused had a duty to obey the order; and (e) That the accused willfully disobeyed the order. (3) Treating with contempt or being disrespectful in language or deportment toward a warrant, non-commissioned, or petty officer. a) That the accused was a warrant officer or enlisted member; (b) That the accused did or omitted certain acts, or used certain language; (c) That such behavior or language was used toward and within sight or hearing of a certain warrant, noncommissioned, or petty officer; (d) That the accused then knew that the person toward whom the behavior or language was directed was a warrant, noncommissioned, or petty officer; (e) That the victim was then in the execution of office; and (f) That under the circumstances the accused, by such behavior or language, treated with contempt or was disrespectful to said warrant, noncommissioned, or petty officer. Note: If the victim was the superior noncommissioned, or petty officer of the accused, add the following elements (g) That the victim was the superior noncommissioned, or petty officer of the accused; and (h) That the accused then knew that the person toward whom the behavior or language was directed was the accuser’s superior noncommissioned, or petty officer. The following is an explanation of article 91 (1) In general. Article 91 has the same general objects with respect to warrant, noncommissioned, and petty officers as Articles 89 and 90 have with respect to commissioned officers, namely, to ensure obedience to their lawful orders, and to protect them from violence, insult, or disrespect. Unlike Articles 89, and 90, however, this article does not require a superior-subordinate relationship as an element of any of the offenses denounced. This article does not protect an acting noncommissioned officer or acting petty officer, nor does it protect military police or members of the shore patrol who are not warrant, noncommissioned, or petty officers. The Maximum punishment of article 91 is as follows. 1) Striking or assaulting warrant officer. Dishonorable discharge, forfeiture of all pay and allowances, and confinement for 5 years. (2) Striking or assaulting superior noncommissioned or petty officer. Dishonorable discharge, for-feature of all pay and allowances, and confinement for 3 years. (3) Strik ing or assaulting other noncommissioned or petty officer. Dishonorable discharge, forfeiture of all pay and allowances, and confinement for 1 year. (4) Willfully disobeying the lawful order of a warrant officer. Dishonorable discharge, forfeiture of all pay and allowances, and confinement for 2 years. (5) Willfully disobeying the lawful order of a noncommissioned or petty officer. Bad-conduct discharge, forfeiture of all pay and allowances, and confinement for 1 year. (6) Contempt or disrespect to warrant officer. Bad-conduct discharge, forfeiture of all pay and allowances, and confinement for 9 months. (7) Contempt or disrespect to superior noncommissioned or petty officer. Bad-conduct discharge, forfeiture of all pay and allowances, and confinement for 6 months. (8) Contempt or disrespect to other noncommissioned or petty officer. Forfeiture of two-thirds pay per month for 3 months, and confinement for 3 months. The following is the elements of article 92 (1) Violation of or failure to obey a lawful general order or regulation. a) That there was in effect a certain lawful general order or regulation; (b) That the accused had a duty to obey it; and (c) That the accused violated or failed to obey the order or regulation. (2) Failure to obey other lawful order. (a) That a member of the armed forces issued a certain lawful order; (b) That the accused had knowled ge of the order; (c) That the accused had a duty to obey the order; and (d) That the accused failed to obey the order. (3) Dereliction in the performance of duties. (a) That the accused had certain duties; (b) That the accused knew or reasonably should have known of the duties; and (c) That the accused was (willfully) (through neglect or culpable inefficiency) derelict in the performance of those duties. The explanation of article 92 is as follows. (1) Violation of or failure to obey a lawful general order or regulation. (a) General orders or regulations are those orders or regulations generally applicable to an armed force which are properly published by the President or the Secretary of Defense, of Transportation, or of a military department, and those orders or regulations generally applicable to the command of the officer issuing them throughout the command or a particular subdivision thereof which are issued by: (I) an officer having general court-martial jurisdiction; (ii) a general or flag officer in command; or (iii) a commander superior to (I) or (ii). b) A general order or regulation issued by a commander with authority under Article 92(1) retains its character as a general order or regulation when another officer takes command, until it expires by its own terms or is rescinded by separate action, even if it is issued by an officer who is a general or flag officer in comman d and command is assumed by another officer who is not a general or flag officer. (c) A general order or regulation is lawful unless it is contrary to the Constitution, the laws of the United States, or lawful superior orders or for some other reason is beyond the authority of the official issuing it. See the discussion of lawfulness in paragraph 14a(2). (d) Knowledge. Knowledge of a general order or regulation need not be alleged or proved, as knowledge is not an element of this offense and a lack of knowledge does not constitute a defense. (e) Enforceability. Not all provisions in general orders or regulations can be enforced under Article 92(1). Regulations which only supply general guide-lines or advice for conducting military functions may not be enforceable under Article 92(1). (2) Violation of or failure to obey other lawful order. (a) Scope. Article 92(2) includes all other lawful orders which may be issued by a member of the armed forces, violations of which are not chargeable under Article 90, 91, or 92(1). It includes the violation of written regulations which are not general regulations. See also subparagraph (1)(e) above as applicable. b) Knowledge. In order to be guilty of this offense, a person must have had actual knowledge of the order or regulation. Knowledge of the order may be proved by circumstantial evidence. (c) Duty to obey order. (I) From a superior. A member of one armed force who is senior in rank to a member of another armed force is the superior of that member with authority to issue orders which that member has a duty to obey under the same circumstances as a commissioned officer of one armed force is the superior commissioned officer of a member of an-other armed force for the purposes of Articles 89, and 90. See paragraph 13c (1). (ii) From one not a superior. Failure to obey the lawful order of one not a superior is an offense under Article 92(2), provided the accused had a duty to obey the order, such as one issued by a sentinel or a member of the armed forces police. See paragraph 15b(2) , if the order was issued by a warrant, noncommissioned, or petty officer in the execution of office. The maximum punishment of article 92 is as follows. (1) Violation or failure to obey lawful general order or regulation. Dishonorable discharge, forfeiture of all pay and allowances, and confinement for 2 years. (2) Violation of failure to obey other lawful order. Bad-conduct discharge, forfeiture of all pay and allowances, and confinement for 6 months. Note: For (1) and (2), above, the punishment set forth does not apply in the following cases: if in the absence of the order or regulation which was violated or not obeyed the accused would on the same facts be subject to conviction for another specific offense for which a lesser punishment is prescribed; or if the violation or failure to obey is a breach of restraint imposed as a result of an order. In these instances, the maximum punishment is that specifically prescribed else wherefore that particular offense. (3) Dereliction in the performance of duties. (A) Through neglect or culpable inefficiency. Forfeiture of two-thirds pay per month for 3 months and confinement for 3 months. (B) Willful. Bad-conduct discharge, forfeiture of all pay and allowances, and confinement for 6 months. In knowing this I will be sure not to repeat this incident I feel the biggest problem is myself I am still trying to adapt to the army life and it is getting a little easier as the days go by I really don’t like being the jacked up soldier and I plan on changing and I plan on doing what I am told when I’m told so I can avoid getting caught up in something I cant get out of the only way I want out of the army is either with a honorable discharge or to do my time I understand that I signed a contract and raised my right hand and made an oath to my country to protect and serve no matter what the cost so I will do so by obeying all of the article to the best of my ability. I wish to pursue my Army career to the maximum amount of time possible. I hope to do at least 20 years time in service but I will most likely stay in longer. This job makes me feel proud and I really do not want to lose it. Now that I have gotten into trouble I fully understand the severity of obeying an order from the higher ups I will do my best not to get myself into this predicament again because I would rather not lose what little rank I do have I can not afford to lose that because I am struggling now trying to help my father with his financial situation and if I was to lose that I’m not sure what I would do to make up that money that I would be losing as of right now E-2 base pay is 1458. 90 and E-1 pay is 1209. 0 that is a huge difference in pay that is more than a 200 dollar difference that I defiantly can not afford to lose so I will be sure to straighten out my act so I do not lose that money this will conclude my 2000 word essay. â€Å"1 1. Anyomous (thou still a private i believe); http://www. allfreeessays. com/essays/Essay-Importan ce-Obeying-Lawful-Order-Nco/2492. html And I and this particular private are not the only ones. Every day we stupid, ignorant, and down right dumb privates think it is ok to, in some way disobey a non commissioned officer or another superior officer. But more often then not we are caught and punished, such as a series of long and difficult exercises or worse, being subject to Uniform Code of Military Justice and the harmful articles it entails.

Proper vs. Common Nouns When to Capitalize

Proper vs. Common Nouns When to Capitalize Proper vs. Common Nouns: When to Capitalize Most people get confused about which nouns need capitalizing. Why on earth do we use a capital letter for Paris, but not for love? The answer lies in the difference between proper and common nouns. Proper Nouns Most people understand that nouns are naming words. However, the reason why some nouns are capitalized and others aren’t is because the capitalized words are one-of-a-kind entities, like specific people, cities or landmarks. We call these proper nouns. So we capitalize Paris because it is the name of a particular city and Eiffel Tower because it is a particular building. Some other proper nouns include Queen Elizabeth and Coca Cola. Common Nouns These are words used to refer to something generic. For instance, while we might capitalize Mickey Mouse as the name of a particular cartoon character, if we were talking about a furry rodent living in our basement, we would use a lower case m when we said that darned mouse in the basement. Common nouns can be used for people, places, things and ideas, but all of these will be one among a whole class of entities or a general concept. So we talk about bloggers, mountains and cheese, all with lower case letters. Proper vs. Common Nouns To show you the difference, here is a table of common nouns with proper noun equivalents: Common Noun Proper Noun author J. K. Rowling film The 39 Steps mountain Mount Everest city New York building Sears Tower company Proofed In all of these cases, the common noun refers to the general concept, whereas the proper noun refers to one particular instance. Historical Usage Confusingly, you will find some common nouns capitalized in classic books and poems. This poem by Emily Dickinson is a great case in point: Faith is a fine invention When Gentlemen can see- But Microscopes are prudent In an Emergency. Here, the common nouns gentlemen, microscopes and emergency are all capitalized. Today they wouldn’t be. The reason that a lot of old literature has randomly capitalized common nouns is because, before the twentieth century, the rules of written English were not fixed and there was a fashion for indiscriminately capitalizing any nouns felt to be important! Unfortunately, this is no longer the case, so make sure you capitalize correctly!

Pompeii - Archaeology of the Famous Roman Tragedy

Pompeii - Archaeology of the Famous Roman Tragedy Pompeii is arguably the most famous archaeological site in the world. There has never been a site as well preserved, as evocative, or as memorable as that of Pompeii, the luxurious resort for the Roman Empire, which was buried along with its sister cities of Stabiae and Herculaneum under the ash and lava erupted from Mount Vesuvius during the fall of 79 AD. Pompeii is located in the area of Italy known, then as now, as Campania. The vicinity of Pompeii was first occupied during the Middle Neolithic, and by the 6th century BC, it came under the rule of the Etruscans. The citys origins and the original name are unknown, nor are we clear on the sequence of settlers there, but it seems clear that Etruscans, Greeks, Oscans, and Samnites competed to occupy the land prior to the Roman conquest. The Roman occupation began in the 4th century BC, and the town reached its heyday when the Romans turned it into a seaside resort, beginning 81 BC. Pompeii as a Thriving Community At the time of its destruction, Pompeii was a thriving commercial port at the mouth of the Sarno River in southwestern Italy, on the southern flank of Mount Vesuvius. Pompeiis known buildingsand there are many that were preserved under the mud and ashfallinclude a Roman basilica, built ca 130-120 BC, and an amphitheater built circa 80 BC. The forum contained several temples; the streets included hotels, food vendors and other eating places, a purpose-built lupanar, and other brothels, and gardens within the city walls. But probably of most fascination  to us today are the look into private homes, and the eerie negative images of human bodies caught in the eruption: the utter humanness of the tragedy seen at Pompeii. Dating the Eruption and an Eyewitness Romans watched the spectacular eruption of Mt. Vesuvius, many from a safe distance, but one early naturalist named Pliny (the Elder) watched while he helped evacuate refugees on the Roman warships under his charge. Pliny was killed during the eruption, but his nephew (called  Pliny the Younger), watching the eruption from Misenum about 30 kilometers (18 miles) away, survived and wrote about the events in letters that form the basis of our eye-witness knowledge about it. The traditional date of the eruption is August 24th, supposed to have been the date reported in Pliny the Youngers letters, but as early as 1797, the archaeologist Carlo Maria Rosini questioned the date on the basis of the remains of fall fruits he found preserved at the site, such as chestnuts, pomegranates, figs, raisins, and pine cones. A recent study of the distribution of the wind-blown ash at Pompeii (Rolandi and colleagues) also supports a fall date: the patterns shows that prevailing winds blew from a direction most prevalent in the fall. Further, a silver coin found with a victim in Pompeii was struck after September 8th, AD 79. If only Plinys manuscript had survived! Unfortunately, we only have copies. Its possible that a scribal error crept in regarding the date: compiling all the data together, Rolandi and colleagues (2008) propose a date of October 24th for the eruption of the volcano. Archaeology The excavations at Pompeii are an important watershed in the history of archaeology, as it was among the earliest of archaeological excavations, tunneled into by the  Bourbon rulers of Naples and Palermo beginning in the fall of 1738. The Bourbons undertook full-scale excavations in 1748much to the belated distress of modern archaeologists who would have preferred they wait until better techniques were available. Of the many archaeologists associated with Pompeii and Herculaneum are pioneers of the field Karl Weber, Johann-Joachim Winckelmann, and Guiseppe Fiorelli; a team was sent to Pompeii by Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte, who had a  fascination with archaeology and was responsible for the  Rosetta stone  ending up in the British Museum.   Modern research at the site and others affected by the 79 Vesuvian eruption was conducted by the Anglo-American Project in Pompeii, led by Rick Jones at the University of Bradford, with colleagues at Stanford and the University of Oxford. Several field schools were conducted at Pompeii between 1995 and 2006, mostly targeting the section known as Regio VI. Many more sections of the city remain unexcavated, left for future scholars with improved techniques. Pottery at Pompeii Pottery was always an important element of Roman society and it has figured in many of the modern studies of Pompeii. According to recent research (Peà ±a and McCallum 2009), thin-walled pottery tableware and lamps were manufactured elsewhere and brought into the city to sell. Amphorae were used to pack goods such as garum and wine and they too were brought in to Pompeii. That makes Pompeii somewhat anomalous among Roman cities, in that the largest portion of their pottery was produced outside its city walls. A ceramics works called the Via Lepanto was located just outside the walls on the Nuceria-Pompeii road. Grifa and colleagues (2013) report that the workshop was rebuilt after the AD 79 eruption, and continued to produce red-painted and burnished tablewares up until the Vesuvius eruption of 472. The red-slipped tableware called terra sigillata was found in numerous locations in and around Pompeii and using petrographic and elemental trace analysis of 1,089 sherds, McKenzie-Clark (2011) concluded that all but 23 were manufactured in Italy, accounting for 97% of the total investigated. Scarpelli et al. (2014) found that black slips on Vesuvian pottery were made of ferrous materials, consisting of one or more of magnetite, hercynite and/or hematite. Since the closure of the excavations at Pompeii in 2006, researchers have been busy publishing their results. Here are a few of the most recent ones, but there are many others: In Benefiels (2010) study of graffiti on the walls of the House of Maius Castricius is documented several pieces of incised romantic graffiti in different areas of the house. A conversation of 11 graffiti inscribed in a stairwell appears to be a literary and romantic conversation between two individuals. Most of the lines are original romantic poetry or plays on known texts, arranged vertically in two columns. Benefiel says the Latin lines hint at a kind of one-up-man-ship between two or more people.Piovesan and colleagues studied paints and pigments at Pompeiis Temple of Venus, identifying a range of mural colors made from the natural earth, minerals, and a few rare artificial pigmentsblack, yellow, red and brown ochre, cinnabar, Egyptian blue, green earth (mostly celadonite or glauconite) and white calcite.Cova (2015) reports on the alaearchitectural wingsin many houses in the section of Pompeii known as Regio VI, and how the size and shape of the alae may reflect socioeconomic cha nges in the Late Republic/Early Empire period. Miiello et al (2010) investigated construction phases in Regio VI by the variations of mortar. Astrid Lundgren at the University of Oslo published her dissertation on Pompeii in 2014, focusing on male sexuality and prostitution; Severy-Hoven is another scholar investigating the incredible wealth of erotica discovered at Pompeii.Murphy et al. (2013) looked at middens (garbage dumps) and was able to identify evidence that the waste is primarily kitchen food preparation of olives, grapes, figs, cereals, and pulses. However, they found little evidence for crop-processing, suggesting that the food was processed outside of the city before being brought to market. Sources This article is part of the About.com Dictionary of Archaeology: Ball LF, and Dobbins JJ. 2013. Pompeii Forum Project: Current Thinking on the Pompeii Forum. American Journal of Archaeology 117(3):461-492.Benefiel RR. 2010. Dialogues of Ancient Graffiti in the House of Maius Castricius in Pompeii. American Journal of Archaeology 114(1):59-101.Cova E. 2015. Stasis and Change in Roman Domestic Space: The Alae of Pompeiis Regio VI. American Journal of Archaeology 119(1):69-102.Grifa C, De Bonis A, Langella A, Mercurio M, Soricelli G, and Morra V. 2013. A Late Roman ceramic production from Pompeii. Journal of Archaeological Science 40(2):810-826.Lundgren AK. 2014. The Pastime of Venus: An archaeological investigation of male sexuality and protitution in Pompeii. Oslo, Norway: University of Oslo.McKenzie-Clark J. 2012. The supply of Campanian-made sigillata to the city of Pompeii. Archaeometry 54(5):796-820.Miriello D, Barca D, Bloise A, Ciarallo A, Crisci GM, De Rose T, Gattuso C, Gazineo F, and La Russa MF. 2010. Characterisation of archaeological mo rtars from Pompeii (Campania, Italy) and identification of construction phases by compositional data analysis. Journal of Archaeological Science 37(9):2207-2223. Murphy C, Thompson G, and Fuller D. 2013. Roman food refuse: urban archaeobotany in Pompeii, Regio VI, Insula 1. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 22(5):409-419.Peà ±a JT, and McCallum M. 2009. The Production and Distribution of Pottery at Pompeii: A Review of the Evidence; Part 2, The Material Basis for Production and Distribution. American Journal of Archaeology 113(2):165-201.Piovesan R, Siddall R, Mazzoli C, and Nodari L. 2011. The Temple of Venus (Pompeii): a study of the pigments and painting techniques. Journal of Archaeological Science 38(10):2633-2643.Rolandi G, Paone A, Di Lascio M, and Stefani G. 2008. The 79 AD eruption of Somma: The relationship between the date of the eruption and the southeast tephra dispersion. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 169(1–2):87-98.Scarpelli R, Clark RJH, and De Francesco AM. 2014. Archaeometric study of black-coated pottery from Pompeii by different analytical techniques. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Bi omolecular Spectroscopy 120(0):60-66. Senatore MR, Ciarallo A, and Stanley J-D. 2014. Pompeii Damaged by Volcaniclastic Debris Flows Triggered Centuries Prior to the 79 A.D. Vesuvius Eruption. Geoarchaeology 29(1):1-15.Severy-Hoven B. 2012. Master Narratives and the Wall Painting of the House of the Vettii, Pompeii. Gender History 24(3):540-580.Sheldon N. 2014. Dating the 79AD Eruption of Vesuvius: Is 24th August Really the Date? 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Runaway Jury Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Runaway Jury - Movie Review Example These individuals conduct a selection of jury-centered research programs designed to gather opinions, value-beliefs, and terminology that must be addressed during litigation. To do so they are not above using "reverse engineering" to assure the desired outcome. (Jury Research DOAR) The process is one used in trials, frequently high profile ones. The idea is to choose a jury that favors your party in the litigation. While it is illegal to tamper with a jury, the process of jury selection is designed (supposedly) to provide both sides a fair and equal decision and to deny some jurors the right to serve on a jury based on bias. Reverse engineering takes this a step or two further. In the initial process prospective jurors are investigated, and decisions made as to which would most likely give a favorable verdict. Included in that analysis is an evaluation as to which jurors the other party might reject. From there the trial is "engineered" still more. Witnesses are interviewed and their answers to anticipated question are rehearsed until they become rote. Even emotional responses are practiced until the testimony becomes almost an act, as opposed to an honest and open response to questions. This is legal. It's also more likely to be seen on the side of a case that has more money to begin with, because this type of consulting is not cheap. Public defenders and district attorney offices are unlikely to have either the manpower or the money to utilize jury consultants to a widespread degree. Jury consulting is real, and a lucrative practice in conjunction with the practice of law. Consulting came into its own during the O.J. Simpson trial, when a consultant named Jo-Ellan Dimitrius picked the jury that found him not guilty. (Roberts) What does she do In her own words, "I almost act as a 13th juror I hear a case for the first time. I wanna know what the good is. I wanna know what the bad is, so that we can figure out a way to desensitize or neutralize the negative components." (Roberts) And her resume states: Dr. Dimitrius has not just conducted pre-trail research and picked juries, she has advised many Fortune 100 companies about how regular people - like those who would be on their juries - would respond to their witnesses, claims and defenses. She has addressed the credibility, motivation and general appearance of hundreds of witnesses. She has worked with hundreds of other witnesses - including actors, lawyers, CEO's and people from almost every walk of life - - to help prepare them for trial. (Dimitrius) And she is successful, very successful! As it states in her resume "Dr. Dimitrius has amassed an unparalleled track record in civil and criminal cases, including the selection of the jury which recently awarded $80 million to her client Frances Ford Coppola, in his lawsuit against Warner Bros., and just weeks later, picking the jury which awarded $223,400,000 in damages to her client in the Piscitelli v. Friedenberg, et al. case." (Dimitrius) The movie Runaway Jury does take this process of engineering to an extreme, and Hackman bends and even breaks the law at some points in an effort to achieve the desired outcome. He uses all the technology available to monitor possible jurors and expose their weaknesses, which he then exploits as the trial progresses. At the other end of the spectrum in this movie is the idealistic and honest attorney representing the plaintiff who is

Engineering drawings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Engineering drawings - Essay Example These manuscripts speak about the science of mechanics, laws of movement. The manuscripts give details about how Leonardo understood each small components individually that goes into the making of big machines. When he studied screws, he studied its varied forms and methods to fabricate them. In this list are the components such as hoists, rollers, pulleys, flywheel, winches and many more. It is his remarkable understanding of these components in those days that made it possible for him to create many functional machine designs. War Machines Leonardo developed many war machines when he was in the long service of Lodoviko Sforza, a duke at Milan. He displayed his abilities as a civil and mechanical engineer designing many useful devices. Some of the devices such as cannons, a giant wheel were developed by him as his military activities during the time. Leonardo developed a drawing of a bridge as a civil engineering project that spanned 240 meter. Though its real construction never mat erialized, it continued to inspire engineers that followed him. His note books spoke about war machines that included a tank that could be operated through crank shafts. The design and mechanics though were not fully developed – perhaps his intention was not to allow it to fall in the hands of wrong people. He developed cannons that would spew small pebbles on the enemy to prevent them inflicting a frontal attack. A Device Resembling Flywheel Leonardo designed an engine kind device that is currently known as flywheel and crank. It is important to note here that when James Watt developed a steam engine, he never made use of flywheel – a wheel that provides high angular momentum. It was much later that a design expert added flywheel to achieve steadiness in the shaft operation. A Device for Lifting Loads Lifting loads has been always a most cherished requirement of humans since time immemorial. No wonder than that Leonard worked on a system to lift heavy loads. What he d esigned in those days is known as the worm gear in current parlance. The device employed an endless screw that is turned by a crank to mesh with the teeth of a gear rotating and raising the load. His device provides more safety that usually a single tooth gear design lacks. Worm gear as prevalent in current times came into existence much later. That shows Leonardo’s genius in designing a device that has hundreds of application in the modern machines including analog clocks. Bicycle Design One of the vehicle designs that he has drawn is a two-wheeled vehicle with spokes. Two wheels are joined by a single rod gives an indication that his vehicle takes a shape of a bicycle for an easy movement by humans. Rear wheel is attached to a cogged-wheel through a chain and cogged-wheel has pedals as found in the modern bicycles in current times. Flying Design He studied motion and movements in depth. While building canals and locks he tried to understand the water flow and whirlpools. In the same way, he tried to understand the flying of birds – the operations and anatomy of the wing. That helped him to build flying designs. Many of the Leonardo's drawings present theoretical understandings or initial intuitions before an idea takes some concrete shape. One of the design looks like a helicopter provided with a huge spiral. It is not understood what idea he had in his mind to

Impact of technology in an organization Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Impact of technology in an organization - Article Example The other challenges include how to have proper incentives as well as team work. Some universities are still using a system, which is traditional and in turn, it has made the mass markets become exhausted. Organization structure is affected if it does not employ the use of information technology (Hitt & Brynjolfsson, 1997). Most of the employees who work in universities, which are traditional, are not happy with changes related to the existing organization structure and coming up with an organization, which is virtual. There is usually a need in universities to ensure that people are united, in order to increase their productivity. The theory of social action is extremely useful in knowing the impact technology has had on the universities. This is because their failures and successes are easily made known. According to Brynjolfsson and Hitt, organizations are forced to obey authority, which is decentralized. The latter is as a result of the impact of Information technology. Furthermo re, they believe that transmission of knowledge becomes cheap as a result of IT. Universities are now ensuring that all their departments are connected, in order to increase efficiency. Rights for making decisions are thus allocated to the entire optimum knowledge chamber, which exists (Hitt & Brynjolfsson, 1997). ... In order to obtain information, there is a central agent. It is vital in matters related to cost saving as well as its benefits. The disadvantage is that those involved in decision making especially the central ones are the ones who lose a lot. Decentralization occurs as a result of efficiency, which is induced. Decentralization is affected by the presence of decision makers who are multiple (Hitt & Brynjolfsson, 1997). On the other hand, Baroudi and Lucbas believe that there is a link between organizational design and IT design. There are many ways, which tasks can be coordinated, as well as be divided in order to increase productivity. The process of organizational design can also be used because it advocates for management decentralization (Lucas & Baroudi, 1994). This means that all the employees working in the university will be involved in decision making. Span control is an element of a variable used in the design process. At the different universities there will be many peopl e in management and they have to report to their heads. In every organizational chart, every employee’s job titles are made known and can easily be altered. The latter can easily be achieved as compared to strategy, culture and behavior. The frame work of social action advocates for constructs, which are key in any university. The most vital aspects of any organization should be technology, structure, tasks and people. Technology plays an essential role in bringing about changes in the universities structure. This means that there is a direct relation between organization form and IT. Relationships, which exist in firms, are due to communications as well as computers. In modern times, universities are seeking to become hybrid as compared to before when they were

Analysis of Russias Financial and Labour Crisis

Analysis of Russias Financial and Labour Crisis INTRODUCTION In 2003, major economic organisations and key economists predicted that within a decade, the Russian Economy will face a human capital and labour crisis that will be unable to meet the growing demands of the country. This prediction came true and Russia slowly witnessed diminishing labour market performance following the Global Financial Crisis starting in 2009. The Russian Federation has a very flexible labour market. Cutting wages, reducing working hours and minimising non-wage labour costs are some of the policies adopted by most of the companies to adjust to the economic scenario. The workers respond to this by changing jobs. Hence, there exists a high and stable overall employment rate, but also high wage inequality, informality and labour turnover, due to which firms do not have the incentive to invest in human capital and productivity improvements. Hence, the growth figures of the Russian Economy rarely indicate how the economic performance is impacting the average man. Problems in the labour market of Russia slowly became noticeable following the Global Financial Crisis that started in 2008. The global financial crisis had a significant impact on the Russian economy and its labour market. According to OECD Database, in 2009, the decline in the GDP was −7.9% (World Bank Economic Outlook, 2009). However, since the latter half of 2009, Russia showed economic recovery. There was 4.5% growth rate in 2010 (World Bank Economic Outlook, 2010), and 4.3% in 2011 (World Bank Economic Outlook, 2011). The graph above indicates the changes in the unemployment rate and GDP of Russia during 2008-09. Russia was the third country along with Slovenia in the list with highest downfall in the GDP after Estonia and Finland. The unemployment rate increased, although it was stable as compared to other countries This period saw a fall in the output generation of goods. Working hours and wages were reduced to adjust to the scenario. The Youth of the country were the most affected by the sudden increase in unemployment. As shown in the diagram, from 2009 to 2012, unemployment rate was the highest for people aged 15-24. The labour market strengthened a little in early 2013. Unemployment in the months of January, February, and March lowered by 0.4% than the rate prevalent in 2012. But the second quarter of 2013 again saw a reversal of this trend, with unemployment again growing up by 0.1% compared to 2012 (OECD Economic Survey- Russian Federation, 2013) This marked the advent of an Economic Slump in the Russian Economy that is discussed in the succeeding chapter. Russian Economic Slump: How and Why? Russia suffered from major economic slump in 2012 and tried to make efforts to recover from it using the oil and gas revenues. However the living standards and productivity was below those of advanced BRIICS countries. Growth in 2012 slowed not only because of cyclical factors but also due to slow down of potential output growth. The Ministry of Economic Development, in November 2013, projected long-term average growth to 2.5% (OECD Survey 2013) down from 4.3% (ibid) projected in April, warning that Russian growth until 2030 would lag behind the global average. The reason that led to the emergence of slump is the heavy dependence on natural resources and the challenge lies in reduction of dependence on exhaustible natural resources, strengthen sustainable, productivity-driven, regionally balanced and broad-based growth. The abovementioned Economic slump emerged in late 2012 and into 2013, resulting in the recent Russian Economic crisis triggered by stagnant terms of trade due to inefficient labour market reforms. The temporary factors that earlier boosted growth slowed down, reducing investment mostly driven by natural resource related sectors and public expenditures. The employment and capacity utilization rates are near their pre-crisis records. The unemployment rate has fallen because of employment gains, a fall in labour force, high wage flexibility and extremely low unemployment benefits. Inflation rose above the central bank target range of 5-6% (Ibid). Although this rapid rise was driven mostly by high food prices due to the poor 2012 harvest and headline inflation, the second half of 2013 was on a downward trend and inflation expectations are sticky. These factors structurally limited growth , slowing potential growth below 3% (ibid) This Russian economic slowdown led to several changes in the society and some significant trends were seen: Partial employment increase No demand for radical life changes or political changes Dormant discontent against crisis situation unique adjustment function of the Russian labor market suppressed the impact of the economic crisis on the workers and they did not express their discontent in the form of strikes The policies and reforms for this slump are given in further chapters as discussed by the OECD report on Russian Economic Crisis. OECD ECONOMIC REPORT: REFORMS AND POLICIES Previously we studied the background of Russia and the possible reasons that triggered the current Russian economic slump. OECD is a world organisation that has come up with a report about the changes required for the current economic slump. The Organization of economic cooperation and development (OECD) is a forum founded in 1961 that discusses economic growth and world trade of its 34 member countries. It provides answers to common problems, identify practices in favour of these countries and also provide coordination between the domestic and international policies. It gives assistance in economic, environmental and social issues. Objectives of the OECD- To promote sustainable development in economic growth and employment, giving a rise in standard of living along with the maintenance of financial sector. To provide economic expansion to member countries in order to promote development in world economies. To carry out this expansion on a non-discriminatory basis. OECD: Russian Labour Market The Russian Labour market is in segments even though the global financial crisis ended the long period economic growth .The labour market faces a number of problems like unequal earnings, lack of enforcement of effective labour laws and underdeveloped collective bargaining. To improve this imbalance between labour market flexibility and the protection of workers the Russian federation needs to impose favourable labour market institutions. This imbalance can be improved by shifting to a more sustainable based growth from dependence on revenues from natural resources such as oil (main relying natural resource) by making it attractive place to invest, study and work. Russia should ensure growth beyond natural endowment. BOOSTING PRODUCTIVITY Stronger and more sustainable growth is not possible without better use of skills and stronger innovation. Considerable resources are employed in lowà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœproductivity activities. Lifelong learning, activation programmes and temporary income support remain underdeveloped. Key Recommendations: Better market oriented training. Strengthening the quality of the education system Improve the governance of higher education. IMPROVING THE BUSINESS CLIMATE The business climate in Russia is turning out to be risky as rule of law is weak and widespread corruption along with widespread state involvement. The implications are widespread such as low level of entrepreneurship and investment. Thus a stronger policy initiative along with stronger financial sector is required to match the skills of labour. Key Recommendations- Identify risks to integrity for particular jobs, work and project. Strengthening the rule of law by enhancing the quality of law instead of increasing the number of laws and regulations thus giving rise to judicial independence. Incorporating accountability and transparency of public institutions through promotion of media freedom. COMPETITION FRAMEWORK IN RUSSIA Russia has the highest barriers to competition when compared with any OECD country or emerging country. This halts the diffusion of technology and hampers the speed with which the labour productivity catch up with best performers. As suggested by OECD product market regulation (PMR) indicator, it suggests that Russia’s PMR is very restrictive as compared to any other OECD country. A PMR indicator tells the state involvement extent and administrative barrier to developing new enterprises. This high rate is reflected in Small and Medium sized enterprises sector in Russia. Key Recommendations- Lowering administrative burden on firms by cutting ‘red tape’, introducing deemed clearance regime and carrying out systematic Regulatory Impact Analysis and Stake Holder consultations. Strengthen the competition by eliminating subsidies to large firms, prioritize resources only to important cases and liberalization of foreign trade and investment policy. Widening scope of competition by taking WTO accession as an opportunity and supporting the concerned firms with framework measures rather than imposing entry barriers. POLICY IMPLICATIONS The basic problem in the Russian Economy is that it is still heavily dependent on the communist age infrastructure and economic mechanisms. No innovations or new methods of economic development have significantly evolved after the communist era collapsed. The economy still uses capitalist management styles that were used in the erstwhile USSR. The economy is heavily dependent on gas reservoirs and their rising prices. This leaves the domestic market open to major jolts due to the fluctuating world market prices of gas and other natural resources. Growth in 2013 slowed to 1.3 percent, the lowest in a decade other than during the global recession in 2009 (OECD Economic Indicators Report 2013). As mentioned in the previous chapter, the economic resilience of the economy can be raised through structural reforms. Making the economy more balanced, and less dependent on the volatile revenue from the energy market is one of the main challenges. This challenge can only be met by higher productivity of labour and energy efficiency which further, can by increasing competition in the market and investment in the structural economy. The improvement of the political economy and implementation of structural reforms is crucial to revive the Russian Economy. The society and not natural resources needs to partake in Russia’s transformation. And so there is need for investments in infrastructure, innovation and human resources. Russia needs to step up its governance and address the increasing inter-regional disparity. The OECD survey indicates that the Federation is doing well in numerous areas but future growth and development is being retarded by poor governance and laws. Russia faces major transport bottlenecks that hinder the infrastructural growth in many potential regions. The irony is that a majority of the Russian population- about a million, are engaged in the railways with most of them being disguisedly unemployed in the process. The Russian Federation has one of the highest shares of tertiary educated population in the world, but the education system has had difficulties in providing the education according to the needs of the market and the firms. The education system of the country is outdated. It needs to be revamped to suit the modern sensibilities and economic conditions. Education will have to target higher paying and more intellectual jobs (white collar jobs). Public spending on education is low and the high inequality of educational opportunities adds to the problem. Major public and private sector investments in the education sector, especially in backward areas should be a national priority. Better quality of market oriented vocational training and an improved technical curriculum is also the need of the hour. Another good way to increase the labour force of the nation is to decrease the gender gap in the labour market. Education and training focused solely on women would be beneficial. The Government should also increase the retirement age of women to equal to that of men. A boost in education and skill in turn will increase opportunities and investments in Research and Development that will bring the much needed innovation and further enhance the business climate. Flexibility in the Russian labour market has helped the economy achieve very low levels of unemployment. However, firms lose the incentive to invest in human resource due to the high labour turnover. This causes high wage inequality. The OECD encourages better communication between employers and labour, encouragement to engage in long term training programmes and temporary income support from the Government. One industry that has a lot of potential in the Russian economy and will benefit out of the recommended labour changes by OECD is the automobile industry. This will not only give a much required push to the economy but also solve the transportation bottleneck that the nation is facing. The Russian Federation will also benefit by strengthening its Immigration policies. There is a large influx of unskilled labour from countries that were part of the former Soviet Union, who come in the search for better employment opportunities and standards of living. They are seen to be putting additional burden on the Government’s diminished welfare schemes such as free education and healthcare systems. This is happening due to the easy immigration policy of the state. Hence the welfare labour policies that are already functional in the State cannot give quality output due to this additional burden put on them. CONCLUSION It can be asserted that the economic slump in Russia is a temporary bottleneck in its path of growth and development and can the removed by focusing on the improvement of the labour market performance by implementing the measures given in the OECD Economic Report on the Russian Federation 2013. As suggested by the OECD, encouraging lifelong learning among skilled workers, training and targeting the youth for inculcating better skills, developing advanced Information Technology in this arena, reducing the gender gap in the work force, reforms in the education system and promoting innovation and technology can take the nation a long way. However other measures such as State support in welfare schemes that boost labour performance and privatisation of firms can be beneficial. Encouraging better Human Resource policies in Russian Firms and stronger collective bargaining power of the workers can also help promote the right balance between wages and productivity. Russia also needs to look into its immigration policy to stop the rapid rise in immigrants who are unskilled and ultimately become a burden on the state.

The Dramatic Effect of Act One Scene Five of William Shakespeares Rome

The Dramatic Effect of Act One Scene Five of William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet In this essay I will explain how Act 1, Scene 5 is dramatically effective. Act 1, Scene 5 is the most important scene in the play because it is the scene where Romeo and Juliet first meet. This play is essentially about two families that are enemies, The Capulet’s and the Montague’s, Juliet is the daughter of Capulet and Romeo son of Montague during the play they fall in love. Right from the beginning the prologue tells us this play is a tragedy. We also know Act 1, Scene 5 is dramatically effective because we are told when Romeo and Juliet meet they will become: ‘Star crossed lovers’ We know it is doomed love because it also says: ‘Take their life’ ‘Death-marked love’ The drama is built up before Romeo and Juliet meet. Romeo is keeping to himself and prefers night to day. He is already in love with someone else. Rosaline but she doesn’t feel the same. It is shown in this quotation: ‘Well in hit you miss: She’ll not be hit with cupid’s arrow’ The audience is told that Paris wants to marry Juliet but her father disagrees because he feels she is too young, however he invites Paris to the party to win Juliet’s heart. This is shown by Capulet saying: ‘But woo her gentle Paris, get her heart,’ When Juliet is asked about marriage by Lady Capulet she feels differently: ‘It is a honour that I dream not of.’ One of the ways Shakespeare makes this scene dramatically effective is by making Romeo discover Rosaline has been invited to the Capulet party. Benvolio urges Romeo to go and they decide to gatecrash the party. ... ...s as Juliet asks the name of two other men before asking for Romeo’s. The audience feel they are being played by this story unfolding, and are very effective dramatically. There is dramatic irony as the nurse goes to find out Romeo’s name Juliet says: ‘If he be married.’ The audience know that love can lead to marriage and that can consequence in death for Juliet. Juliet has a dramatic reaction when she finds out Romeo is a Montague: ‘My only love sprung form my only hate! Too early seen unknown, and known too late!’ Juliet has fallen in love with Romeo an enemy of her father. There is Dramatic irony that underlines the dramatic effect of the whole scene. In this essay I have clearly shown the different ways in which Shakespeare has made Act 1, Scene 5 dramatically effective throughout the play.